203.01 Structure Fires Flashcards
FFs shall never make an interior attack on a fire beyond the incipient stage without:
At least 2 FFs in full PPE w/ SCBA on the scene as BACKUP.
What is the most important means of egress to protect?
Interior stairs
The announcement of a change from offensive to defensive strategy will be made as:
Emergency traffic
Medic Unit Assignments
2nd Medic Unit
Position for quick egress, and to not impede responding companies
Report near command post in full PPE, with
backboard, oxygen, drug box, and SCBA on cot.
Deliver accountability tag
Standby for assignment
1.75” Fire Lines
Goal: 200 GPM
Nozzle Lengths Pressure
15/16” 5 177 psi
Vindicator 5 183 psi
Chief 250@50 5 183 psi
Chief 200@75 5 183 psi
Heavy Rescue Assignments
2-Alarm Fire or Greater Fire
- Report to IC for assignment
- 2nd HR RAT Assist Team on ext
of the building - 2nd HR position apparatus to facilitate rapid
exit in case of another incident - All equip procured from 1st HR
Fire ground strategy is fluid. Conditions, activities, and results need to be:
Constantly monitored and evaluated throughout the entire incident
Two Eng Co tools that can be used to check heat levels/recognize high heat situations?
Hose stream: operate a stream into the smoke above.
TIC
DC Assignments
1st Arriving DC
- Position buggy to view 2 sides
- Assume Command
- Size up - full 360
- Assess current strategies and tactics
- Establish stationary command post
- Ensure accountability established
- Efficiently and effectively manage the
incident
Danger to occupants is most acute on the _________, the _________, the __________, and then _________, in that order.
Fire floor; Floor immediately above the fire; Top floor; Intermediate floors
Any deviation from standard search priorities shall be communicated by ladder officer to command and include:
Entry point and intended location
Ladder Company Assignments
2nd Arriving Ladder Co
Team A: Officer and FF1
Tools: TIC, Halligan, Striking Tool, Hooks
- Search all floors above the fire for occs and
fire extension - Assist 1st Ladder w/ primary search.
To support rescue efforts, whose line should be placed in a manner to:
Control interior access
Confine the fire
Protect avenues of escape until primary search is complete
ALS Supervisor Tasks
Deliver accountability passport
Report to IC
Establish Medical Branch under Ops Section Chief or IC
Communicate w/ responding medic units to set up treatment area
Establish rehab area if necessary
Update IC with incident injuries
What is the most important means of egress to protect?
Interior stairs
Apparatus Placement
1st Engine Placement
2nd Engine Placement
1st Eng:
- allow truck access
- pull past the structure
2nd Eng:
- approach from opposite direction
- same side of the street, as close as possible
to 1st engine
Benchmarks
Benchmark announced by the first in HR when examining an inspection hole, inside the front door, or other area?
Lightweight construction or dimensional lumber
If the activities at an incident are judged to be unsafe or involve an eminent hazard, who has the authority to alter, suspend, or terminate such activities?
Incident safety officer (SO2)
The safety officer has the authority to cause immediate correction of situations that create an eminent hazard to personnel
The main observable factors that influence choice of fire ground tactics:
Location of fire; determine life hazard and probable extension (where is it at/where is it going in relation to life hazards and exposures)
Extension probability; protect all places fire may spread to
Type of fire; tactics should suit the situation
Extent/Size of fire
Ladder Company Assignments
1st Arriving Ladder Co
Team B: FAO and FF2
- Remove obviously endangered
persons - Vertical ventilation of roof
- if appropriate*
- closely coordinated w/ fire attack
- Exterior horizontal ventilation
- closely coordinated w/ fire attack
- Open walls/ceilings, expose hidden fire
- Check sides/rear for endangered persons
and fire extension - Raise ground ladders for 2nd floor egress
*Variance: if roof ventilation is not needed, perform other tasks listed, and/or assist Team A
Benchmarks
Benchmark announced by companies for each area where a secondary search is completed.
”Secondary Search (location) - All Clear”
Also announced by the IC on status updates
The key to successful fire fighting is:
Anticipation
What the fire has already done is not as important as what it is about to do.
What size hose should the 2nd engine use for a “Back Up”line?
AND
Where should the “Back Up” be deployed?
Same size or greater size than the initial attack line.
of a different color if possible
The “back up” hose line should usually be deployed through the same entrance as the initial attack line.
Risk Management Plan
In situations where the risk to fire department members is excessive, activities shall be limited to:
Defensive operations
Assignments: 1st Arriving Engine
- Secure water supply
- Size-up (at least 3 sides)
- Position to allow access for ladder company **unless deck gun is needed due to large fire volume or immediate exposure protection
- Evaluate exposures. Exposure line or deck gun if necessary.
- Initial hose line to seat of the fire
- Officer - TIC and forcible entry tool
A source of water supply shall be secured by the 1st in Engine company unless:
The pre-plan preempts this requirement
Do not operate fire streams into smoke unless:
You encounter extreme levels of heat
You see, or suspect unseen, rollover
VEIS
If a window is already broken from the heat of the fire…
…the room is likely too hot for someone to survive in it.
Considerations in determining risk and fire ground strategy:
Fire building: type, construction (lightweight?), age, past incidents
Structural integrity: Contents or structural involvement?
Fire load: What’s burning? What’s left to burn?
Fire conditions: extent, location, time
Rescue profile: known victims, survivability profile
1st attack line placement:
Between the victims and the fire to protect the avenues of escape
Two In - Two Out
FFs will not enter an IDLH atmosphere unless:
At least 2 FFs enter together, must remain in visual and contact at all times
At least 2 FFs outside as initial backup
VEIS
Searcher Responsibilities
Advance up the ladder Breaks and clears glass Sounds floor Enters the room Closes the door Primary Search of the room
Risk Management Plan
Any risk to personal safety is unacceptable when:
There is no possibility to save lives or property
Benchmarks
Fire Out
Announced by IC during status updates
Engine companies do their work with _________ ; ladder companies do their work with __________.
Hose lines ; Tools
Benchmarks
Benchmark announced for each area where a primary search has been completed (fire area, fire floor, floor above, etc.). Repeated by IC on status updates.
“Primary Search (location) - All Clear”
Marginal Situations
When conditions do not clearly indicate the appropriate fire ground strategy.
Protect exposed property based on:
The most dangerous direction of fire spread.
*The closest property may not always be the most critical exposure property.
Heavy Rescue Assignments
1-Alarm Fire
- Report to IC for assignment
- ASAP Inspection hole to
determine construction type
(Benchmark #2) - *Search and rescue
- areas not currently searched
- **Assist with deployment of attack lines
- NOT assigned to RAT
- Assist w/ overhaul
- Assist placing companies back in service
- if stationary command not established
- *if necessary
The most effective tactic in defensive operations:
Master Streams
*Standard flow of greater than 750 GPM should be the guideline
Exposure Protection: Most effective tactic?
Put water on the exposure. Can be done from the exterior, or even the interior of the exposure building
When should Class A Foam be used?
On ALL offensive interior attacks unless specifically instructed not to use foam by officer or IC
VEIS is most effective when:
Predetermined positions with specific functions have been established.
- Searcher
- Point Person
Occupancies which require the Officer in charge to notify the health department when a fire occurs there:
Food and beverage occupancies: Dairies, Food Processing Plants, Groceries, warehouse, restaurants and bars
Caregiving occupancies:
Nursing, daycares, schools, halfway houses
Marinas
This type of supply lay can be utilized on narrow or dead end streets with limited access:
Reverse lay (crossfire)
Who is responsible for monitoring fireground activities and operations to determine whether they fall within the criteria is defined in the departments risk management plan?
Incident safety officer (SO2)
Ensuring that all personnel are operating within the determined fire ground strategy helps to provide:
Overall incident scene safely
Pre-plans are required for:
Buildings equipped with fire suppression systems
Industrial complexes
Any high hazard buildings
Thorough examination to make certain that a fire is completely extinguished:
Overhauling
An additional engine should be placed every ______ feet for supply line stretches over ______ feet.
1000;1000
What dictates the 1st in and 2nd in Engine assignments?
Assignments are generally dictated by box order.
However…
If Engine companies arrive simultaneously, the first Engine with a working fire line shall be considered 1st Engine.
Apparatus Positioning
Think of fire apparatus as an expensive ___________.
Exposure
Beware of putting Apparatus in places where it cannot be repositioned easily and quickly
The critical factor in secondary search:
Thoroughness, rather than time, is the critical factor in secondary search
DC Assignments
2nd Arriving DC
**If 1st arriving DC is above grade Capt, 2nd arriving DC will assume command. Capt assigned Ops Section Chief or division supervisor **
Report to IC for assignment
Typically manage opposite side or corner from initial DC
1st and 2nd line placement at a basement fire:
1st: Through a basement door or window
2nd: first floor to protect against fire extension
Medic Unit Assignments
The primary mission of the medic units on the scene of a structure fire is:
To provide medical care for firefighters and civilians
2.5” Fire Line
Goal: 300 GPM
Nozzle Lengths Pressure
1.125” 5 2.5” 107 psi
1.25” 5 2.5” 117 psi
A _____________ shall be obtained after any switch from offensive to defensive strategy.
PAR (Personnel Accountability Report)
Risk Management Plan
Activities that present a significant risk to the safety of members shall be limited to:
Situations where there is a potential to save endangered lives
Backup hose lines should be of what size?
Same size as the initial attack line, or larger.
In an effort to track the completion of tasks, officers and ICs should announce _________________ over the FG channel.
Tactical Benchmarks
Under what circumstances can an on scene company officer assigned the medic unit to fire fighting tasks?
When secondary companies have yet to arrive on scene and assistance is urgently needed to stabilize the incident.
*Officer must notify responding DC and request an additional medic unit
Examples: known trapped occupants, immediate exposure protection required
An engine company should be placed every _____ feet for supply stretches over ______ feet.
1000; 1000
“Critical Events” on the fire ground that call for “Emergency” communications via radio?
ANY CIRCUMSTANCE THAT COULD INJURE A FF
Collapse, or potential collapse Backdraft or explosion Flashover, or rapidly changing fire conditions Water supply interruption Hole(s) in the floor, or open shafts Missing/burned out stairs Non-secure or swing-type elevator doors Downed power lines Immediate Evacuation *Requesting additional alarms
Command needs to constantly evaluate conditions and match the fire ground ______________ with the fire ground ______________.
Strategy; Conditions
If defensive operations are conducted from the onset of the incident, command will notify dispatch that there will not be a:
Primary Search completed for the affected structure(s)
What should first be determined before implementing an interior offensive fire attack?
Whether or not the structure is safe to enter. Duh.
Priorities at a structure fire
Rescue
Fire Control
Property Conservation
When no life is in danger, the first hose line should be placed:
Between the fire and the most severe exposure or unburned areas
Companies arriving at Level 2 Staging:
Turn off emergency lights
Company officer report to staging officer
Communicate on staging channel
Apparatus Placement
Heavy Rescue
Nearest cross street, or on fire street as far to one side as possible, as to not impede access to the scene for 1st alarm companies.
Advantages of using an 1.75” line for offensive attack in a residential occupancy:
Increased speed and mobility
Increase speed and mobility is needed due to the compartmentalization of the structure.
Advantages of Engine Mounted Master Streams:
Large GPM (500-1000 GPM),
Quick Operation
Reach and penetration
Benchmarks
Every arriving company shall announce “____________” on the FG channel, AND announce any deviation being made from established operating procedure.
“On Scene”
Ensures all units in route, and those operating remotely, that units are on scene and ready to operate
Priorities at a structure fire:
Rescue
Fire Control
Property Conservation
Who is responsible for overseeing the medical treatment and transport of all FF/civilian medical injuries on the fire ground?
ALS Supervisor
Incident Safety Officer Responsibilities
Air monitoring Structural assessment RAT avail and ready Evaluate smoke and fire conditions Establish control zones and no entry zones Entry and egress accessibility Monitor and evaluate radio transmissions Ensure IC establishes Rehab Ensure Accountability system utilized
Monitor IAP, activities, and operations to determine whether they fall within the criteria is defined in the departments risk management plan
Medic Unit Assignments
1st Arriving Medic Unit
Position for quick egress, and to not impede responding companies Don’t get blocked in!
Report near Command post with: cot, backboard, oxygen, drug box, SCBA
Deliver accountability passport to the accountability officer
Standby at cot for assignment
If it is necessary to cut ventilation holes in a floor, where should they be placed?
Near a window if possible, so that smoke can exit through the window.
The most urgent reason for calling additional alarms?
Life safety
Placing a stream from the exterior into the building prior to entering or while the interior attack lines are being deployed.
“Quick Water,” or transitional attack
Ladder Company Assignments
1st Arriving Ladder Co
Team A: Officer and FF1
Tools: TIC, halligan, striking tool, hooks
- Forcible entry
- Primary Search: fire area, fire floor
- Open, expose hidden fire after knockdown
- Advise Command of conditions discovered
and work performed
When should salvage operations begin?
At arrival
T/F
Under no circumstances should the point person on a VEIS operation enter the search room.
False
At times the point person may need to enter the room to assist in extricating the victim
Secondary search
Companies THOROUGHLY search the interior of the fire area after initial fire control and ventilation activities have been completed.
Who assumes responsibility for the effectiveness of fire streams?
Company officers and division/group supervisors
As conditions change, officers must continually evaluate where streams are going and their effectiveness. If a line becomes ineffective, move, adjust, or redeploy.
Report effects, changes in direction or location of streams to command.
In marginal situations, Command should abandon an offensive attack when:
Primary search is clear.
Roof is unsafe or untenable.
Interior crews encounter heavy heat and cannot locate the fire, or cannot make any progress on the fire.
Heavy smoke forced from the building under pressure.
*Remember, RESCUE is the ONLY REASON to operate offensively in a marginal situation!
Most imports means of egress to protect:
Interior stairs
Allow for safe, rapid, and easy removal of occupants
Standard master streamflow at Defensive operations?
> 750 GPM
Benchmarks
Benchmark announced by the first Engine company applying water to the fire:
“Water on the fire”
Benchmarks
Benchmark announced on the FG channel by IC once air monitoring is complete, and it is safe for interior personnel to remove SCBA
“All Clear - Remove SCBA”
3 methods of controlling fire flow path:
Coordinated ventilation
Controlling the door
Mechanical ventilation
For the IC to utilize medic unit personnel for fire ground assignments, what conditions must be met?
Urgent FG take, and medic unit personnel are available: no FF’s or civilians presently in need of care.
The second medic unit or ALS is on the scene
Medic unit personnel may function as a single resource, or be assigned to combine with another operating fire company
When a duty chief allows the IC to remain as Command, the duty chief fills the role of ________________.
Senior Advisor
*If the senior advisor out ranks the incident commander, the senior advisor is still responsible for the outcome of the incident
4 situations where engine mountain master streams be considered?
Well involved structures
Fire beyond the reach of attack lines
Exposure protection
Situations that pose an unusual risk to FFs
Initial attack efforts should be directed towards:
Supporting a primary search
Attacking the fire with a stream operating from the exterior of the building prior to attack lines entering:
“Quick Water” or Transitional Attack
What is the job of the 2nd arriving engine if the initial attack line stretched by the 1st in engine is 2.5” attack line?
Assist the 1st in engine with advancement of the 2.5” attack line
Eng Co Assignments
1st Arriving Engine
- Secure water supply
- Size up (at least 3 sides)
- Position to allow for truck access, or master stream use (fire building or exposure)
- Evaluate Exposures - exposure line if necessary
- Deploy initial line to seat of the fire
- Officer: TIC and Forcible Entry Tool
2nd in Engine arrives on scene…
1st Engine is stretching 1.75” hose line. 2nd Engine Assignment?
1st Engine is stretching 2.5” hose line. 2nd Engine Assignment?
Assist 1st engine *if necessary. *Ensure success of 1st line before committing to other actions
2nd Engine is mandated to assist 1st Engine and remain part of the 1st Engine fire attack crew.
When responding to incident, the Duty Chief can assume 1 of 3 positions:
Senior Advisor
Incident Commander
Command or General Staff Position
- in this case the IC should be an AC or the FC
Ladder Company Assignments
2nd Arriving Ladder Co
Team B: FAO and FF2
1. Remove obviously endangered
persons
2. Raise aerial to ensure alternate
escape route for companies and victims
3. Assist vertical ventilation
- as needed
- closely coordinated w/ fire attack
4. Exterior horizontal ventilation
- closely coordinated w/ fire attack
5. PPV fan(s)
-only turned on w/ direction of IC
6. Check sides/rear for endangered persons
and fire extension
7. Provide interior lightingBefore beginning attack/control operations, it is important to determine:
Fire location and extent
Apparatus Placement
1st Truck
2nd Truck
1st Truck
-front of the building or a position to take greatest advantage of aerial for rescue, ventilation, or ladder pipe
2nd Truck
- best position to utilize aerial for rescue, or as secondary exit from roof.
- most likely the opposite side of the building from 1st truck
Staging Officer Duties
Determine suitable location
Notify Command
Keep on all warning lights (designates location of staging officer)
Determine configuration to efficiently position incoming apparatus
Maintain staging worksheet
Determine which companies respond from staging area
Attack Line Choice
1.75” attack line can be used for:
Most small fires. One or two rooms in a residential fire.
Ventilation that is not coordinated with the attack line and occurs too early leads to:
Increased fire intensity and fire spread. Decreased time prior to flashover.
Two concerns for the Safety Officer prior to Salvage and Overhaul
Monitor atmospheric conditions, assess levels of CO, HCN
Assess/evaluate the structural integrity and building
The most preferable placement when laying a supply line:
To one side of the street
An initial offensive fire attack should be centered around:
Rescue
When met with fire at the main entrance of a residential building, interior search companies (will / will not) wait to advance behind an attack line.
Will Not
Seek alternate means of access to rooms not yet involved in the fire. Point of entry and intended search location must be communicated to command
Limitations of operating a hose line through a breached wall or floor:
Lack of stream mobility
Difficulty to evaluate effectiveness
Pre-plans are required for:
Buildings equipped with fire suppression systems
Industrial Complexes
Any High Hazard building
The decision to operate in a defense of strategy indicates what two things:
The offensive attack, or the potential for an offensive attack, has been discontinued for reasons of personnel safety.
The involved structure has been conceded as a loss.
Benchmarks
Forward progress of the fire has been stopped, and the remaining fire can be extinguished by resources currently on scene.
“Fire under control.”
*does not mean the fire is out!
Responsible for assisting the IC with overall scene safety
Safety Officer (SO-1 or SO-2)
VEIS
Important communication during VEIS includes:
Notifying command that VEIS will be implemented, and the exact location VEIS is to be performed.
To support rescue efforts, hose lines should be placed in a manner to:
Control interior access
Confine the fire
Protect avenues of escape until primary search is complete
A source of water supply shall be secured by the first-in Engine company unless:
The pre-plan preempts this requirement
Priorities of a Defensive operation:
- Personnel safety
- Exposure protection
- Knock down the main body of fire
What size hose lines should be utilized in defensive operations, and where should the streams be directed?
2.5” or larger
Directed through openings, and at ceiling spaces to break up the stream into the fire compartment.
The key to successful fire fighting is:
Anticipation
What the fire has already done is not as important as what it is about to do.
4 principles of hose line positioning:
Whenever possible position hose lines to…
Support rescue activities
Begin confinement
Protect exposures
Control loss
VEIS
Vent Enter Isolation Search
Entering a room above or adjacent to the seat of the fire, for the purpose of a primary search, w/o the protection of a hose line.
Do not operate fire streams in to smoke unless:
You encounter extreme levels of heat
You see, or suspect unseen, rollover
VEIS
Point Person Responsibilities
Raise and place ladder at the sill Butt ladder for searcher Advance up the ladder Continuously communicate w/ searcher Monitor room conditions w/ TIC Assist in extrication of victim
2.5” lines for fire attack should be fitted with which nozzles?
Vindicator, 1.125” or 1.25” smooth bore tip
This tool allows FFs to determine heat levels and visualize roll over in an otherwise dark environmemt:
TIC
Which size smooth bore tip should be utilized initially on a mounted master stream device?
Why might you consider a different size?
The largest tip, 2”
If reach is a concern, smaller tip sizes allow for greater reach.
The ONLY exemption for the Two In Two Out rule:
Life saving rescue activities
When victims lives are at stake, we will take a higher risk to save lives. We will not take extreme risks for property.
Benchmarks
Initiated by IC or Ops Chief each time “fire is under control”, and as indicated in accountability procedures:
PAR (Personnel Accountability Report)
Signs and conditions that would indicate the need to perform VEIS:
- No access to the search area from a ground floor door or stairway due to fire conditions
AND
- One of the following:
- Cries for help from an are
- Bystanders telling you someone is in a
specific room
- Moving blinds
- Handprints through spot on a window
- Reasonable suspicion
AND
Room is still a tenable environment
True or False:
It is preferable that a secondary search be conducted by the same company(s) involved in the primary search of the area.
False
Secondary search should preferably be conducted by different companies than those involved in primary search activities
When possible, what is the preferred way of rescuing/removing victims?
Normal means of interior access
What is the objective for choosing the proper size attack line?
To provide enough GPM flow to overcome the volume of Fire being produced
OR
To provide adequate flow to affectively cool and protect exposures
The “back-up plan” for rescuing a known/suspected victim when a normal means of interior access is not available:
VEIS
Attack Line Choice
2 1/2 inch attack lines are used for:
Larger volumes of fire.
Fire in commercial, industrial, or high-rise occupancies.
The most important aspect of ventilation:
Ventilation should be coordinated with the attack line
The two strategies of fire ground operations:
Offensive and Defensive
Where should the first attack line go?
Between the victims in the fire; to protect the avenues of rescue and escape.
Primary Search
Assigned company(s) quickly search through all affected areas and verify the evac/removal/safety of all occupants.
Apparatus Placement
Effective Apparatus placement is based upon what three factors
Initial sizeup
Preplans
General conditions upon arrival
When protecting exterior exposures, hose lines should be placed:
Where the stream can be used alternately between operating on the exposure and the fire
At a structure fire, what will often dictate the success of the overall operation?
Rapid and appropriate placement of the first attack line.
Initial efforts should focus on getting at least one line in operation as quickly as possible.
The critical factor of a primary search is:
Time, rather than thoroughness
Risk Management Plan
When routine activities, considered inherent risks to members safety, or performed to protect property:
Actions shall be taken to reduce or avoid these risks
Early identification and response to ______________________, will save a building.
Fire in concealed spaces
Do not hesitate to open up walls and ceilings!!!
Engine company responsible for establishing accountability and assisting with RAT operations:
Safety Engine
4th engine company
Eng Co Assignments
2nd Arriving Engine
- Secure water supply independent of 1st Engine
- Assist 1st Engine with deployment, positioning, and advancement of 1st fire line, if necessary
* *MOST IMPORTANT INITIAL TASK**
IF assistance with the 1st line is not needed…
- Deploy a backup hose line from the 2nd engine whenever possible
IF initial attack line is containing and extinguishing the fire…
- Backup hose can be repositioned to the floor above the fire
- Officer: TIC and Forcible Entry Tool
The “back up” hose line should usually be deployed…
Through the same entrance as the initial attack line.
Fires cannot be considered under control until:
All seven sides are addressed. Front, rear, both sides, top, bottom, and interior.
Who is the Duty Chief?
Assistant Chief on call
Immediate and anticipated exposures must be ___________ and ___________.
Identified; Protected
Immediate Evacuation Procedure
Evacuation message repeated 5 times on all radio channels in use at the scene: “Emergency. All units located at (location) retreat.”
Apparatus located near the building signals retreat by sounding ten (10) three (3) second air horn blasts.
Accountability officer activates evac signal on MSA SCBA monitoring system.
Company of the sons account for all members in my status.
The proper fire ground strategy will be determined based on:
Matching the appropriate strategy to the fire conditions of the structure, and minimizing risk to firefighters
Engine Co Assignments
3rd Arriving Engine
- Lay a supply line, unless ordered otherwise
IF 2nd in Eng is assisting the 1st attack line…
- Deploy back up line from 2nd or 3rd Engine
IF 1st line is in position and 2nd Eng has back up line…
- Report to Command on A side, await orders
IF ordered to by Command…
- 3rd attack line where ordered
- Officer: TIC, handy line, hose strap
Max number of attack lines that can be stretched to upper floors via the same set of stairs?
2
Company stretching the third fire line should consider utilizing other means (ladder, fire escape, handy line, etc)
DO NOT OVERCROWD STAIRS
The unburnt portion of the building represents:
Where the fire is going.
This should establish the framework for fire control operations.
Level 1 Staging
When no signs of fire are apparent, 1st Eng and 1st Truck investigate. All other arriving companies remain with their apparatus.
How can a nozzle person check heat levels?
By operating the stream briefly above their head.
If water comes back down, it is not too hot.
If no water comes down it is extremely hot and the atmosphere should be cooled with the water stream operated into the smoke.
The only reason to operate an offensive interior attack in a marginal situation is:
Rescue
Who decides if the health department will respond to the scene? How long must fire companies remain on scene?
Health department rep determines if they will respond, or follow-up the next working day.
Fire companies do not need to remain on scene once notification has been made to the the fire alarm office.
Offensive to Defensive
When ordered to evacuate the fire building should interior crews pull hand lines out with them?
Only when safe to do so, OR if the line is needed for protection during exit operation.
Do not delay exit/evac for the sake of salvaging a few feet of hose and a nozzle
1.75” Fire Limes with 2.5” Prior
Goal: 200 GPM
Nozzle Lengths Pressure
15/16” 5+2 183 psi
Vindicator 5+2 191 psi
Chief 250@50 5+2 191 psi
Chief 200@75 5+2 191 psi
Benchmarks
Benchmark announced by Engine Co officer when forward progress of the fire has been stopped, and the remaining fire can be extinguished with the on scene resources.
“Fire under control.”
Repeated by IC on status updates.
The 9 Tactical Benchmarks at Structure Fires
- On Scene
- Lightweight Construction
- Water on the Fire
- Primary Search - All Clear
- Fire Under Control
- Secondary Search - All Clear
- Fire Out
- PAR
- All Clear - Remove SCBA
Level 2 Staging
Area away from incident scene, designated by the IC
Unless otherwise directed by the IC all 2nd alarm or greater companies respond to a designated area away from the incident scene until requested by IC to respond into emergency scene
Who becomes the staging officer?
Officer of the 1st arriving company to staging
What is the best route to attack a basement fire?
Exterior Door
Safety Engine Assignment
Stage Apparatus
Accountability Officer/FAO
-manage accountability board, SCBA monitoring system
FF1/FF2
-report to RAT Officer
Responding Staff DCs, Capts, and Lts Assignments:
Report to IC
Deliver passport to Accountability
VEIS
T/F
If conditions are more tenable than expected in the initial room, it is allowable to leave the room and quickly search another nearby room, as long as you isolate (close the door) each room.
False
Do not attempt to leave this room and search other areas of the building unless the fire has been extinguished. If other rooms need to be searched by VEIS, then exit the building and repeat VEIS procedures for the exterior of the other room.
Apparatus Placement
Affective placement begins with who?
The first responding units
Immediate Evacuation Procedure
Evacuation message repeated five times on all radio channels in use at the scene: “Emergency. All units located at (location) retreat.”
Apparatus located near the building signals retreat by sounding ten (10) three (3) second air horn blasts.
Accountability officer activates evac signal on MSA SCBA monitoring system.
Company officers account for all members and report status to accountability. (PAR)
When is the duty chief required to respond?
All 3-alarm or greater fires, and/or as requested by IC
Duty chief can decide to monitor or respond to special ops incidents (Hazmat, river, MCI, 2 alarm fires) based on incident severity.
The two strategies fire ground operations are based on:
A standard Risk Management Plan that is to be employed at ALL structure fires
Assignments: 1st Arriving Engine
- Secure water supply.
- Size-up (at least 3 sides)
- Position to allow access for ladder co *unless deck gun needed due to large fire volume or immediate exposure protection
- Evaluate exposures
- Initial hose line to seat of the fire
- Officer: TIC and forcible entry tool
Which Tactical Benchmarks are repeated or announced by the IC over the FG channel?
Primary Search All Clear Fire Under Control Secondary Search All Clear Fire Out All Clear Remove SCBA
