2.03 - Auditory Training Flashcards
Is recognizing environmental sounds a meaningful use of Sound?
Yes
What are the four goals of Auditory Training?
Recognizing speech
Utilizing sound
Meaningful auditory integration
Using listening skills in real world environments
Is understanding speech a meaningful use of Sound?
Yes
Is overhearing conversation a meaningful use of Sound?
Yes
Is integrating sound into daily activities a meaningful use of Sound?
Yes
What is the difference between Hearing vs. Listening?
Hearing is acoustic access to the brain (improving the SNR by managing the environment & via technology)
Listening is attending to acoustic events with intentionality
“Hearing loss is not about the ______; it’s about the ______!”
Ears
Brain
“Hearing” must be made available before “______” can be taught.
Listening
Does Auditory Training promote quality of life?
Yes
Is Auditory Training access to auditory cues vital to survival and to social/emotional health?
Yes
Does Auditory Training promote underlying development of linguistic structure for language acquisition?
Yes
Are speech perception and speech production linked?
Yes
Are both children and adults candidates for Auditory Training?
Yes
Are those with both pre‐lingual or post‐lingual hearing loss candidates for Auditory Training?
Yes
Are those who use a hearing device candidates for Auditory Training?
Yes
Are those with normal hearing but have auditory perceptual difficulties candidates for Auditory Training?
Yes
In younger children, development of auditory skills occurs in a more ______. All skills are targeted ______.
Naturalistic fashion
simultaneously
For older children, development of auditory skills may be more _____ and _____.
Linear
Systematic
What are the four Auditory Training Curricula design principles?
Auditory skill level
Stimulus unit
Activity type
Difficulty level
How do we test for Auditory Skill Level?
Sound Awareness
Sound Discrimination
Identification of Sounds
Comprehension
How do we test for Sound Awareness?
Is sound present or not?
How do we test for Sound Discrimination?
Are 2 sounds the same of different?
How do we test for Sound Identification?
Ability to label auditory stimuli
What label do you put on the sound
How do we test for Sound Comprehension?
Does the listener understands the meaning of the language they
are hearing.
This requires advanced skills and knowledge of vocabulary and grammar
What is a Sound Awareness Activity for a Child?
Drop box in bucket vs. silence
What is a Sound Awareness Activity for an Adult?
Door closing vs. silence
What is the point of Sound Awareness Activities?
Can the listener tell the difference between sounds? Is the listener aware of the sound?
Training the listener to recognize the sound (it may sound different to them now)
When teaching Sound Discrimination, what are three categories of sounds that are taught?
Short vs. long syllables
Soft vs. loud stimuli
Continuous vs. interrupted
What is Analytic Training?
Focusing on the segments of speech (syllables and phonemes)
What is the theory behind Analytic Training?
If person can identify these items in isolation, then they should be able to recognize them in connected discourse.
What is Synthetic Training?
Focus is on the understanding of the whole
Not sounds in isolations
What is Formal Auditory Training?
Highly structured (perhaps drills)
Specific time and length of sessions (1‐1, group, or both)
What is Informal Auditory Training?
Part of the daily routine - incorporated into other activities
Perhaps part of the school/work day.
Which Stimulus Set Size is easiest: Closed Set or Open Set?
Closed Set
Which Stimulus Unit is easiest: Words or Complete Sentences?
Words
Which Stimulus Similarity Units are easiest: Dissimilar Units or Similar Units?
Dissimilar Units
What sort of Task is easiest: Structured or Spontaneous?
Structured
What sort of S/N ratio is easiest: Good or Poor?
Good
When an ____% success rate has been achieved, you are ready to move to the next level. If the success rate is ____% or below, then drop the level of difficulty.
80%
50%
What are the four Auditory Skill Levels from easiest to hardest?
Detection (Awareness)
Discrimination
Identification
Comprehension
What is Sound Detection?
Most basic skill
Is the sound present or not present?
What is Sound Discrimination?
Another basic skill
Are 2 sounds the same or different?
What is Sound Identification?
Is the listener able to label some auditory stimuli?
What is Sound Comprehension?
Higher auditory skill level (Hardest Level)
Can the listener able to understand the meaning of spoken messages
What is a formant?
A band of frequencies that are resonated, or boosted in energy, by the vocal tract.
Peaks of energy
The fundamental frequency of an adult male voice is ____ Hz.
130 Hz
The fundamental frequency of an adult female voice is ____ Hz.
260 Hz
The fundamental frequency of a child’s voice is ____ Hz.
400 Hz
What is the Ling Sounds Test?
A test was developed by Dr. Daniel Ling (an authority on teaching deaf children to speak)
Test does not require any special equipment and can be easily accomplished daily
The sounds used cover the speech spectrum
What are the Ling Sounds?
/u/
/ɑ/
/i/
/ʃ/
/s/
/θ/
/m/
/m/ is a _____ sound.
Very low frequency sound
(If cannot hear this sound, may not have sufficient low frequency information to develop speech w/ normal prosody (tune) and without vowel errors.)
/u/ is a _____ sound.
Low frequency sound
/i/ has some _____ and some _____ informtion.
Low frequency
High frequency
/ɑ/ is _______.
In the middle of the speech range
/ʃ/ is a _____ sound.
Moderately high frequency
/s/ is a _____ sound.
Very high frequency sound
When you administer the Ling Sounds Test, you should position the listener ______ away from you, use a ______ voice, and present each sound ______.
1‐2 yards
Normal conversational
Randomly
The Ling Test gives us a sense of the child’s ______.
Audiogram
What are Suprasegmentals?
The prosodic elements of speech which include pitch, rate, intensity and duration.
What are the stages of teaching Suprasegmentals?
5
Separating one word from several words (“Hi!” vs. “How are you?”)
Separating one syllable from 2 syllables (“Baseball” vs. “Cow”)
Separating sentences that are similar except for a key word (“Here is the jar” vs. “Here is the plate”)
Following simple instructions from a closed set
Listening to 2 related sentences then drawing or writing the sentences.
When doing Auditory Training with Older Children and Adults should you use a systematic approach?
Yes
When doing Auditory Training with Older Children and Adults should you modify your objectives as needed?
Yes
When doing Auditory Training with Older Children and Adults should you use reinforcements sparingly?
Yes
When doing Auditory Training with Older Children and Adults should you work in natural and structured contexts?
Yes
When doing Auditory Training with Older Children and Adults should you always target production and perception?
Yes
When doing Auditory Training with Older Children and Adults should you set up a home program?
Yes
When doing Auditory Training with Older Children and Adults should you always be thinking about modifying your goals?
Yes
With adults, is Auditory Training sometimes provided in conjunction with speechreading and communication training?
Yes
With children, is AT usually provided in an integrated program with speech/language therapy, educational and literacy development?
Yes
As a clinician doing auditory training, should you keep accurate records so you can adequately measure progress?
Yes
As a clinician doing auditory training, should you consistently modify plans based on results?
Yes
As a clinician doing auditory training, should you learn to fine‐tune your perceptive skills as a clinician?
Yes
