2023- E3 Flashcards
Eplerenone (Inspire) works by competitively blocking the action of which hormone?
aldosterone
Minoxidil (Loniten) causes vasodilation by:
Opening K-ATP channels
Which of the following is/are potential adverse reactions to atorvaSTATIN (Lipitor)
Myopathy
The patient is a 46 year old caucasian worm that smokes and has DM. How many risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease are present in this patient?
two
Which of the following medications can be given intravenously?
a- Bivallirudin (Angiomax)
b- Cangrelor (Kengreal)
c- Unfractioned heparin
d- all of the above
D- all of the above
The intracellular concentration of which ion is key to determining smooth muscle tone?
calcium
Which of the following is an adverse reaction to aspirin (bayer)
- angioedema
- bleeding
- rash
(all of the above)
Which of the following medications can cause a severe adverse drug reaction called angioedema (swelling of throat, tongue, and lips?)
Sacubitril/Valsartan (Entresto)
Which medication is monitored by the prothrombin time (PT) international normalized ratio (INR)?
Warfarin (Coumadin)
Which of the following medications can have infection site reactions?
Evolcumab (Repatha)
Which of the following is defined as pathological formation of a “hemostatic plug” within the vasculature in the abscence of bleeding?
thrombosis
The glycoprotein 2b/3a receptor is involved in which step of placement thrombus formation?
aggregation
Eptifibatide (Integrillin) inhibits which step in thrombus formation?
Platelet aggregation
Which medication(s) binds to factor Xa and prevents the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin?
Rivaroxaban (Xarelto)
Which of the following medications for pulmonary hypertension is available in an intravenous formulation?
Treprostinil (Tyvaso)
Which receptor does losartan (Cozaar) block?
AT1 receptor
Which of the following is/are positive “pleiotropic effects” of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors?
Reduced inflammation
“purple toe” syndrome is a potential adverse reaction to which of the following medications?
warfarin (Coumadin)
Which of th following medications has possible visual side effects which can be aggravated by the dental light?
Gemfibrozil (Lopid)
Which antiplatelet medication works through inhibition of ADP binding at the P2Y12 receptor?
Prasugrel (Effient)
Which of the following is a unique side effect of Minoxidil (Loniten)
Hirsutism (hair growth)
Which lipoprotein is considered the “good cholesterol”
HDL
Which medications causes the action of antithrombin 3?
Enoxaparin (Lovenox) & Unfractioned Heparin
What is the mechanism of action of aminocarpmroic acid? (Amicar)
Competitive inhibition of plasminogen activation
How does LovaSTATIN (Mevacor) exert its lipid lowering activity?
Inhibition of HMG-coA reductase
Riociguat (Adempas) can be classified in which group based on mechanism of action?
soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator
Which of the following medications would be least likely to have a significant drug-drug interaction due to hepatic metabolism?
Pravastatin (Pravachol) & Rosuvatatin (Crestor)
(both B & C)
Which of the following medications works through antagonist of the protease activated receptor-1 inhibiting thrombin receptor agonist peptide (TRAP)?
Vorapaxar (Zontivity)
Which of the following is a vitamin K dependent clotting factor?
Factor X
Which medication has a risk of hyperkalemia?
Sacubitril/Valsartan (Entresto)
Spironolactone (Aldactone)
(Both B & C)
Which of the following is/are components of Virchow’s Triad?
Vessel wall injury (endothelial injury)
Postulates presence of three factors that predisposes a person to develop vascular thrombosis:
Virchow’s Triad
What three factors are included in Virchow’s Triad?
- stasis of blood flow
- endothelial injury
- hyprcoagulability
Which lipoprotein contains the MOST triglycerides?
Chylomicrons
Which substance is thought to contribute to the development of cough in patients on ACE inhibitors?
Bradykinin
Which of the following medications and doses would be considered a “moderate intensity” statin?
Atorvastatin (Lipitor) 10 mg
Which of the following medications classes may cause hyperuricemia? (gout)
ATP-citrate lyase (ACL) inhibitor
Pulmonary hypertension caused by LEFT heart disease is classified as which group per the world health organization?
Group II
Which of these medications may increase triglycerides?
- Colestipol (Colestid)
- Ezetimibe (Zetia)
- Fenofibrate (Tricor)
- Niacin (Niaspan)
Colestipol (Colestid)
Bempedoic acid (Nexletol) exerts lipid lowering activity through which mechanism>
Inhibition of ATP citrate lyase (ACL)
Which of the following medications prevents the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II
Quinapril (Acculpril)
