201bA: Wall Framing - A Flashcards
5 main framing systems
1) platform (houses)
2) balloon (old houses)
3) post and beam (timber framing)
4) pole (farm buildings)
5) structural insulated panels (expensive pre-fab)
What is framing with separately constructed floors to then build and stand walls on?
Platform
Number of plates in walls
3 (bottom/top/cap)
What must be used to connect walls with only a single top plate?
Metal strap
If a truss lands on top of a stud or within 2” of its edge, can I use a single top plate?
Yes
What member spreads the weight around an opening?
Lintel
What members transfer the lintel load down to the floor?
Trimmer
What members frame the BOTTOM HEIGHT of a window opening (and sometimes top if specified)?
Cripple
3 Common stud spacing
16”
19.2”
24”
3 common precision end trimmed studs (PETS)
92-5/8 (8’)
104-5/8 (9’)
116-5/8 (10’)
3 common finished wall heights (studs + 3 plates)
97-1/8”
109-1/8”
121-1/8”
Besides spreading load out, what 2 additional things do wall plates achieve
1) keep OC spacing
2) fire stop
How much shrinkage per floor can you expect with traditional lumber?
1/2”
What differs balloon from platform framing?
Balloon = continuous wall studs from sill plate to roof
How do we support second story floors within the walls of balloon framing?
Ribbon; blocks or notched in framing to rest joists on
Common OC for post and beam (hint: OSB sheet
8’
Can you toenail post and beam and leave it?
No, typically need engineered metal connectors
Common roof sheathing for p+b (thicker than normal to account for large spans)
1-1/2”
What is the “foundation” of a pole building?
The large diameter poles, dug into the ground
2 Common ways to build pole floors
1) cut pole at finished floor height and bolt floor on, platform frame up
2) leave poles full length, and build floor around, poles finish at roof
What are SIPS
Structural Insulated Panels
Do SIPS usually have studs inside?
Not always
Lumber for framing moisture content (under 20%)
19%
When is shrinkage highly likely
Load bearing members on edge or on flat
What rigid finishes can shrinkage affect
1) drywall
2) stucco
3) window and door frames
Typical wall wind bracing, 3 points
1) AT LEAST 18x89 (1x4)
2) notched into studs
3) 45deg angle from top to bottom plates
Why can balloon framing be advantageous?
Minimal material framed on edge = less shrinkage
