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Biology Q#2 > 2018 Mod7 > Flashcards

2018 Mod7 Flashcards

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1
Q

Genetics:

A

The science that studies how characteristics got passed from parent to offspring

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2
Q

Genetic factors:

A

The general guidelines of traits determined by a persons DNA

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3
Q

Environmental factors

A

Those “nonbiological” factors that are involved in a persons surrounding such as the nature of the parents parents, the person’s and friends, and the person’s behavioral choices

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4
Q

Spiritual factors

A

The factors in a persons life that are determined by the quality of his or her relationship with God

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5
Q

Gene

A

A section of DNA that codes for the production of a protein or a portion of a protein thereby causing a trait.

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6
Q

Messenger RNA

A

The RNA that performs transcription

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7
Q

Anticodon

A

A 3 – nucleotide base sequence of tRNA

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8
Q

Codon:

A

A sequence of three nucleotides bases on mRNA that refers to a specific amino acid

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9
Q

Chromosome

A

DNA coiled around and supported by proteins in the nucleus of the cell

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10
Q

Mitosis

A

A process of asexual reproduction in eukaryotic cells

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11
Q

Interphase

A

The time interval between cellular reproduction

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12
Q

Centraomerer

A

The region the drawings to sister chromatids

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13
Q

Mother cell

A

A cell ready to begin reproduction, containing duplicated DNA and centroids

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14
Q

Karyotype

A

The figure produced when the chromosomes of a species during metaphase are arranged according to their homologous

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15
Q

Diploid cell

A

A cell with chromosomes that come in homologous pairs

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16
Q

Haploid cell

A

Hey cell that has only one representative of each chromosome pair

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17
Q

Diploid number/2n

A

The total number of chromosomes in a diploid cell

18
Q

Haploid number/(N)

A

The number of homologous pairs in a diploid cell

19
Q

Meiosis

A

The process by which a diploid cell forms gametes

20
Q

Gametes

A

Haploid cells produced by diploid cells for the purpose of sexual reproduction

21
Q

Virus

A

A non-cellular infectious agent that has two characteristics

(1) Has genetic material (RNA or DNA) inside a protective protein coat
(2) does not reproduce on it’s own

22
Q

Antibodies

A

Specialized proteins that need in destroying infectious agents

23
Q

Vaccine

A

A weakened inactive version of a pathogen that stimulates the body is reproduction of antibodies which aid in destroying the pathogen

24
Q

A DNA strand has the following sequence of nuclear tides: Guanine, cytosine, adenine, adenine, thymine, guanine
A. What will the mRNA strand be?
B. How many amino acids will the mRNA code for?
C. How many codons will the mRNA have?

A

A. Cytosine, guanine, uracil, uracil, adenine, Cytosine
B. 2
C. 2

25
Q

If a mRNA strand has the sequence of:
Cytosine, guanine, uracil, uracil, adenine, Cytosine

D. What are the anticodons on the tRNAs that will bond to the mRNA?

A

D. guanine, Cytosine, adenine, adenine, uracil, guanine

26
Q

Fill in the blanks:

DNA —-> RNA —-> Protein

A

Transcription and translation

27
Q

And RNA strand has an anticodon. is it tRNA or mRNA

A

tRNA

28
Q

protein synthesis is occurring in a ribosome. Is it a part of transcription or translation

A

Translation

29
Q

Suppose scientist determined that a set of jeans is specifically more prevalent in murders then population at large. Would that mean that murders are not at fault for what they do? Why or why not?

A

No. Genes only determine trends not actual actions

30
Q

If you look under a microscope and see distinct chromosomes in a cell is the cell in metaphase? Why or why not?

A

No. The chromosomes are only expanded when they’re not in reproduction

31
Q

List in order the four stages of mitosis

A

Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

Pro, Meta, Ana, Telo

P, M, A, T

32
Q

The diploid number of a cell 16. what is the haploid number?

A

8

33
Q

The haploid number is nine. what is the diploid number?

A

18

34
Q

What is the difference between a gamete in a regular animal cell

A

A gamete is a haploid in an animal cell is diploid

35
Q

List in order all the stages of meiosis

A

P1, M1, A1, T1

P2, M2, A2, T2

36
Q

Which is closer to mitosis:

Meiosis 1 or Meiosis 2?

A

Meiosis 2

37
Q

I single so it was seven pairs a Homologous chromosomes go through meiosis 1. How many cells result at the end of meiosis 1? How many chromosomes exist in each cell? Are the chromosomes in each cell duplicated or not?

A

(1) 2
(2) 7
(3) yes

38
Q

For cells that originally (prior to meiosis 1) had seven pairs a Homologous chromosomes go through meiosis 2. How many cells result? How many total chromosomes exist in each cell? Are the chromosomes in each cell duplicated or not

A

(1) 8
(2) 7
(3) not

39
Q

What is the purpose of the lytic pathway

A

To reproduce viruses

40
Q

If a virus uses DNA is it genetic material is it alive? Why or why not?

A

No. It can not reproduce on its own

41
Q

A person decided to wait until he contracts me those before getting the vaccine. What is wrong with this strategy

A

After contracting measles they won’t need the vaccine the body has already produce the antibodies

Biology Q#2 (4 decks)

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