2017/2018- Essay 3

Question 1

Title

Answer 1

The Power of Vaccination: Preventing Disease Through Immunization

Question 2

Introduction

Explain, using examples, how vaccines prevent disease.

Answer 2

• Vaccines remarkable scientific acheivement in human history
• critical role: safeguard public health
• > prevent spread of infectious disease
• > > stimulated immune system to recognise and fight specific pathogens
• effectively protect individuals and communities from wide array of illness
• essay - explore mechanisms and profound impact on global health

Question 3

Creating immunity

Paragraph 1

Explain, using examples, how vaccines prevent disease.

Answer 3

• Primary prevention of disease: establish immunity within vaccinated individual
• Immunity acquired by
• 1.>Live attenuated
• 2.>Inactivated vaccines

Live attenuated vaccines
* Contain weakened, living versions of the pathogen
* Result: replicate within body and trigger a robust immune response, akin to a natural infection
* Example: Measles, mumps, rubella (MMR)
* Once vaccinated, individual immune system mounts a defense. generating long-lasting immunity
* >preventing future infections

Inactivated vaccines
* dead/inactivated forms of the pathogen
* cannot cause the disease, but stimulate immune systems to recognuze the antigens associated with the pathogens
* Example: Influenza, hepatitis A, Polio vaccine
* Immunity from vaccines might require booster shots over time, effecting in preventing severe infections

Question 4

Herd Immunity

Paragraph 3

Explain, using examples, how vaccines prevent disease.

Answer 4

• Vaccines not onlt protect individuals, contribute community-wide immunity
• > herd immunity
• significant portion is vaccinated against a particular disease (<95%)
• > challenging for the pathogen to spreak
• Indirectly safeguards vulnerable individuals who cannot be vaccinated
• > infants, elderly individuals, those with weakened immune systems.

Question 5

Eradication of Diseases

Paragraph 4

Explain, using examples, how vaccines prevent disease.

Answer 5

• vaccinations demonstrated power in eradicating certain diseases entirely
• example: small pox (1980) -WHO declared
• Polio, brink of eradication
• > extensive vaccination efforts

Question 6

Controlling Outbreaks

Paragraph 5

Explain, using examples, how vaccines prevent disease.

Answer 6

• Role:disease outbreak control
• new infectious disease emerge
• vaccination campaigns prevent rapid spread and contain outbreal
• 2014-2016- Ebola Outbreal in West Africa, experimental vaccine curtail the diseases spread and saved countless lives.

Question 7

Conclusion

Explain, using examples, how vaccines prevent disease.

Answer 7

• Vaccination have revolutionized public health
• testement to the immense power of science in preventing disease
• Through establishment of immunity and herd immunity
• Vaccines protect individuals and communities
• successfully eradicated deadly diseases and controlled outbreaks worldwide
• However, essential to continue promoting vaccination programmes
• > ensure access to vaccines, combat misinformation to maintain and expand significant acheivements in disease prevention
• Embracing vaccinations, secure healther and safer future for generations to come.