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2014 Rapid Review > 2014 Key Associations > Flashcards

2014 Key Associations Flashcards

1
Q

Actinic (solar) keratosis

A

Precursor to squamous cell carcinoma

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2
Q

Actinic (solar) keratosis

A

Precursor to squamous cell carcinoma

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3
Q

Acute gastric ulcer associated with CNS injury

A

Cushing ulcer (increased intracranial pressure stimulates vagal gastric secretion)

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4
Q

Acute gastric ulcer associated with severe burns

A

Curling ulcer (greatly reduced plasma volume results in sloughing of gastric mucosa)

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5
Q

Alternating areas of transmural inflammation and normal colon

A

Skip lesions (Crohn disease)

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6
Q

Aneurysm, dissecting

A

Hypertension

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7
Q

Aortic aneurysm, abdominal and descending aorta

A

Atherosclerosis

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8
Q

Aortic aneurysm, arch

A

Tertiary syphilis (syphilitic aortitis), vasa vasorum destruction

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9
Q

Aortic aneurysm, ascending

A

Marfan syndroem (idiopathic cystic medial degeneration)

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10
Q

Atrophy of the mammillary bodies

A

Wernicke encephalopathy (thiamine deficiency causing ataxia, opthalmoplegia, and confusion)

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11
Q

Autosplenectomy (fibrosis and shrinkage)

A

Sickle cell anemia (hemoglobin S)

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12
Q

Bacteria associated with gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and stomach cancer

A

H pylori

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13
Q

Bacterial meningitis (adults and elderly)

A

Strep pneumo

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14
Q

Bacterial meningitis (newborns)

A

Group B strep/E coli

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15
Q

Bacterial meningitis (kids)

A

S pneumo, N meningitidis

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16
Q

Benign melanocytic nevus

A

Spitz nevus (most common in 1st two decades)

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17
Q

Bleeding disorder with GP1b deficiency

A

Bernard-Soulier syndrome (defect in platelet adhesion to von Willebrand factor)

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18
Q

Brain tumor (adults)

A

Supratentorial: metastasis > astrocytomoa (including glioblastoma multiform) > meningioma > schwannoma

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19
Q

Brain tumor (kids)

A

Infratentorial: medulloblastoma (cerebellum) or supratentorial: craniopharyngioma

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20
Q

Breast cancer

A

Infiltrating ductal carcinoma

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21
Q

Breast mass

A

Fibrocystic change, carcinoma (in post menopausal women)

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22
Q

Breast tumor (benign)

A

Fibroadenoma

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23
Q

Cardiac primary tumor (kids)

A

Rhabdomyoma, often seen in tuberous sclerosis

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24
Q

Cardiac manifestations of lupus

A

Libman-Sacks endocarditis (nonbacterial, affecting both sides of mitral valve)

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25
Q

Cardiac tumor (adults)

A

Metastasis, primary myxoma (4:1 left to right atrium; “ball and valve”_

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26
Q

Cerebellar tonsillar herniation

A

Chiari II malformation

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27
Q

Chronic arrhythmia

A

Atrial fibrillation (associated with high risk of emboli)

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28
Q

Chronic atrophic gastritis

A

Predisposition to gastric carcinoma (can also cause pernicious anemia)

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29
Q

Clear cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina

A

DES exposure in utero

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30
Q

Compression fracture

A

Osteoporosis (type I: postmenopausal woman; type II: elderly man or woman)

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31
Q

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, hypotension

A

21-hydroxylase deficiency

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32
Q

Congenital cardiac anomaly

A

VSD

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33
Q

Congenital conjugated hyperbilirubinemia (black liber)

A

Dubin-Johnson syndrome

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34
Q

Constrictive pericarditis

A

TB (developing world); SLE (developed world)

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35
Q

Coronary artery involved in thrombosis

A

LAD>RCA>LCA

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36
Q

Cretinism

A

Iodine deficit/hypothyroidism

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37
Q

Cushing syndrome

A
  • Iatrogenic Cushing (from corticosteroid therapy)
  • Adrenocortical adenoma (secretes excess cortisol)
  • ACTH-secreting pituitary adenoma
  • Paraneoplastic Cushing (due to ACTH secretion by tumors)
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38
Q

Cyanosis (early; less common)

A

Tetralogy of Fallot, transposition of great vessels, truncus arteriosus

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39
Q

Cyanosis (late; more common)

A

VSD, ASD, PDA

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40
Q

Death in CML

A

Blast crisis

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41
Q

Death in SLE

A

Lupus nephropathy

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42
Q

Dementia

A

Alzheimer disease, multiple infarcts

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43
Q

Demyelinating disease in young women

A

Multiple sclerosis

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44
Q

DIC

A

Severe sepsis, obstetric complications, cancer, burns, trauma, major surgery

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45
Q

Dietary deficit

A

Iron

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46
Q

Diverticulum in pharynx

A

Zenker diverticulum (diagnosed by barium swallow)

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47
Q

Ejection click

A

Aortic/pulmonic stenosis

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48
Q

Esophageal cancer

A

Squamous cell carcinoma (worldwide); adenocarcinoma (US)

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49
Q

Food poisoning (exotoxin mediated)

A

S aureus, B cereus

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50
Q

Glomerulonephritis (adults)

A

Berger disease (IgA nephropathy)

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51
Q

Gynecologic malignancy

A

Endometrial carcinoma (most common in US); cervical carcinoma (most common worldwide)

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52
Q

Heart murmur, congenital

A

MVP

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53
Q

Heart valve in bacterial endocarditis

A

Mitral > aortic (rheumatic fever), tricuspid (IV drug abuse)

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54
Q

Helminth infection (US)

A

Enterobius vermicularis, Ascaris lumbricoides

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55
Q

Hematoma - epidural

A

Rupture of middle meningeal artery (trauma; lentiform shaped)

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56
Q

Hematoma - subdural

A

Rupture of bridging veins (crescent shaped)

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57
Q

Hemochromatosis

A

Multiple blood transfusions or hereditary HFE mutation (can result in CHF, “bronze diabetes,” and increased risk of HCC)

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58
Q

Hepatocellular carcinoma

A

Cirrhotic liver (associated with hep B and C and with alcoholism)

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59
Q

Hereditary bleeding disorder

A

von Willebrand disease

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60
Q

Hereditary harmless jaundice

A

Gilbert syndrome (benign congenital unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia)

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61
Q

HLA-B27

A

Ankylosing spondylitis, reactive arthritis, ulcerative colitis, psoriatic arthritis

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62
Q

HLA-DR3, DR4

A

Diabetes mellitus type 1, rheumatoid arthritis, SLE

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63
Q

Holosystolic murmur

A

VSD, tricuspid regurgitation, mitral regurgitation

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64
Q

Hypercoagulability, endothelial damage, blood stasis

A

Virchow triad (results in venous thrombosis)

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65
Q

Hypertension, secondary

A

Renal disease

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66
Q

Hypoparathyroidism

A

Accidental excision during thyroidectomy

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67
Q

Hypopituaritism

A

Pituitary adenoma (usually benign tumor)

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68
Q

Infection secondary to blood transfusion

A

Hep C

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69
Q

Infections in chromic granulomatous disease

A

Staph aureus, E coli, Aspergillus (catalase +)

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70
Q

Kidney stones

A
  • Calcium - radiopaque
  • Struvite (ammonium) - radiopaque (formed by urease + organisms such as Proteus vulgarism or Staph)
  • Uric acid - radiolucent
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71
Q

Late cyanotic shunt (uncorrected left to right becomes right to left)

A

Eisenmenger syndroem (caused by ASD, VSD, PDA; results in pulmonary hypertension/polycythemia)

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72
Q

Liver disease

A

Alcoholic cirrhosis

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73
Q

Lysosomal storage disease

A

Gaucher disease

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74
Q

Male cancer

A

Prostatic carcionma

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75
Q

Malignancy associated with non infectious fever

A

Hodgkin lymphoma

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76
Q

Malignancy (kids)

A

ALL, medulloblastoma (cerebellum)

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77
Q

Metastases to bone

A

Prostate, breast > lung > thyroid

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78
Q

Metastases to brain

A

Lung > breast > GU > melanoma > GI

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79
Q

Metastases to liver

A

Colon&raquo_space; stomach, pancreas

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80
Q

Mitochondrial inheritance

A

Disease occurs in both males and females, inherited through females only

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81
Q

Mitral valve stenosis

A

Rheumatic heart disease

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82
Q

Mixed (UMN and LMN) motor neuron disease

A

ALS

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83
Q

Nephrotic syndrome (kids)

A

Minimal change disease

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84
Q

Neuron migration failure

A

Kallmann syndrome (hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and anosmia)

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85
Q

Nosocomial pneumonia

A

Klebsiella, E coli, Pseduomonas aeruginosa

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86
Q

obstruction of male urinary tract

A

BPH

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87
Q

opening snap

A

mitral stenosis

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88
Q

opportunistic infection in AIDs

A

Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia

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89
Q

Osteomyelitis

A

S aureus

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90
Q

Osteomyelitis in sickle cell disease

A

Salmonella

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91
Q

Osteomyelitis with IV drug use

A

Pseudomonas, S aureus

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92
Q

Ovarian metastasis from gastric carcinoma or breast cancer

A

Krukenberg tumor (mucin-secreting signet-ring cells)

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93
Q

Ovarian tumor (benign, bilateral)

A

Serous cystadenoma

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94
Q

Ovarian tumor (malignant)

A

Serous cystadenocarcinoma

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95
Q

Pancreatitis (acute)

A

Gallstones, alcohol

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96
Q

Pancreatitis (chronic)

A

Alcohol (adults), cystic fibrosis (kids)

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97
Q

Patient with ALL/CLL/AML/CML

A

ALL: child
CLL: adult > 60
AML: adult ~ 65
CML: adult 30-60

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98
Q

PID

A

Chlamydia trachomatis,

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

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99
Q

Philadelphia chromosome t(9;22) (bcr-abl)

A

CML (may sometimes be associated with ALL/AML)

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100
Q

Pituitary tumor

A

Prolactinoma, somatotropic “acidophilic” adenoma

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101
Q

Primary amenorrhea

A

Turner syndrome (45,XO)

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102
Q

Primary bone tumor (adults)

A

Multiple myeloma

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103
Q

Primary hyperaldosteronism

A

Adenoma of adrenal cortex

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104
Q

Primary hyperparathyroidism

A

Adenomas, hyperplasia, carcinoma

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105
Q

Primary liver cancer

A

Hepatocellular carcinoma (chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, hemochromatosis, alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency)

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106
Q

Pulmonary hypertension

A

COPD

107
Q

Recurrent inflammation/thrombosis of small/medium vessels in extremities

A

Buerger disease (strongly associated with tobacco)

108
Q

Renal tumor

A

Renal cell carcinoma: associated with von Hippel-Lindau and cigarette smoking; paraneoplastic syndromes (EPO, renin, PTH, ACTH)

109
Q

Right heart failure due to pulmonary cause

A

Cor pulmonale

110
Q

S3 (protodiastolic gallop)

A

Increased ventricular filling (L-to-R shunt, mitral regurg, LV failure [CHF])

111
Q

S4 (presystolic gallop)

A

Stiff/hypertrophic ventricle (aortic stenosis, restrictive cardiomyopathy)

112
Q

Secondary hyperparathyroidism

A

Hypocalcemia of chronic kidney disease

113
Q

Sexually transmitted disease

A

Chlamydia (usually coinfected with gonorrhea)

114
Q

SIADH

A

small cell carcinoma of the lung

115
Q

Site of diverticula

A

Sigmoid colon

116
Q

Sites of atherosclerosis

A

Abdominal aorta > coronary artery > popliteal artery > carotid artery

117
Q

Stomach cancer

A

Adenocarcinoma

118
Q

Stomach ulcerations and high gastrin levels

A

Zollinger-Ellison sydnroem (gastrinoma of duodenum or pancreas)

119
Q

t(14;18)

A

Follicular lymphomas (bcl-2 activation)

120
Q

t(8;14)

A

Burkitt lymphoma (c-myc activation)

121
Q

t(9;22)

A

Philadelphia chromosome, CML (bcr-abl fusion)

122
Q

Temporal arteritis

A

Risk of ipsilateral blindness due to thrombosis of opthalmic artery; polymyalgia rheumatica

123
Q

Testicular tumor

A

Seminoma (malignant, radiosensitive)

124
Q

Thyroid cancer

A

Papillary carcinoma

125
Q

Tumor in women

A

Leiomyoma (estrogen dependent, not precancerous)

126
Q

Tumor in infancy

A

Hemangioma (usually regresses spontaneously by childhood)

127
Q

Tumor of the adrenal medulla (adults)

A

Pheochromocytoma (usually benign)

128
Q

Tumor of the adrenal medulla (kids)

A

Neuroblastoma (malginant)

129
Q

Type of Hodgkin

A

Nodular sclerosis (vs. mixed cellularity, lymphocytic predomince, lymphocytic depletion)

130
Q

Type of non-Hodgkin

A

Diffuse large cell

131
Q

UTI

A

E coli, Staph saprophyticus (young women)

132
Q

Viral encephalitis affecting temporal lobe

A

HSV-1

133
Q

Vitamin deficiency (US)

A

Folate (pregnant women are at high risk; body stores only 3- to 4-month supply; prevents neural tube defects)

134
Q

Acute gastric ulcer associated with CNS injury

A

Cushing ulcer (increased intracranial pressure stimulates vagal gastric secretion)

135
Q

Acute gastric ulcer associated with severe burns

A

Curling ulcer (greatly reduced plasma volume results in sloughing of gastric mucosa)

136
Q

Alternating areas of transmural inflammation and normal colon

A

Skip lesions (Crohn disease)

137
Q

Aneurysm, dissecting

A

Hypertension

138
Q

Aortic aneurysm, abdominal and descending aorta

A

Atherosclerosis

139
Q

Aortic aneurysm, arch

A

Tertiary syphilis (syphilitic aortitis), vasa vasorum destruction

140
Q

Aortic aneurysm, ascending

A

Marfan syndroem (idiopathic cystic medial degeneration)

141
Q

Atrophy of the mammillary bodies

A

Wernicke encephalopathy (thiamine deficiency causing ataxia, opthalmoplegia, and confusion)

142
Q

Autosplenectomy (fibrosis and shrinkage)

A

Sickle cell anemia (hemoglobin S)

143
Q

Bacteria associated with gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and stomach cancer

A

H pylori

144
Q

Bacterial meningitis (adults and elderly)

A

Strep pneumo

145
Q

Bacterial meningitis (newborns)

A

Group B strep/E coli

146
Q

Bacterial meningitis (kids)

A

S pneumo, N meningitidis

147
Q

Benign melanocytic nevus

A

Spitz nevus (most common in 1st two decades)

148
Q

Bleeding disorder with GP1b deficiency

A

Bernard-Soulier syndrome (defect in platelet adhesion to von Willebrand factor)

149
Q

Brain tumor (adults)

A

Supratentorial: metastasis > astrocytomoa (including glioblastoma multiform) > meningioma > schwannoma

150
Q

Brain tumor (kids)

A

Infratentorial: medulloblastoma (cerebellum) or supratentorial: craniopharyngioma

151
Q

Breast cancer

A

Infiltrating ductal carcinoma

152
Q

Breast mass

A

Fibrocystic change, carcinoma (in post menopausal women)

153
Q

Breast tumor (benign)

A

Fibroadenoma

154
Q

Cardiac primary tumor (kids)

A

Rhabdomyoma, often seen in tuberous sclerosis

155
Q

Cardiac manifestations of lupus

A

Libman-Sacks endocarditis (nonbacterial, affecting both sides of mitral valve)

156
Q

Cardiac tumor (adults)

A

Metastasis, primary myxoma (4:1 left to right atrium; “ball and valve”_

157
Q

Cerebellar tonsillar herniation

A

Chiari II malformation

158
Q

Chronic arrhythmia

A

Atrial fibrillation (associated with high risk of emboli)

159
Q

Chronic atrophic gastritis

A

Predisposition to gastric carcinoma (can also cause pernicious anemia)

160
Q

Clear cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina

A

DES exposure in utero

161
Q

Compression fracture

A

Osteoporosis (type I: postmenopausal woman; type II: elderly man or woman)

162
Q

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, hypotension

A

21-hydroxylase deficiency

163
Q

Congenital cardiac anomaly

A

VSD

164
Q

Congenital conjugated hyperbilirubinemia (black liber)

A

Dubin-Johnson syndrome

165
Q

Constrictive pericarditis

A

TB (developing world); SLE (developed world)

166
Q

Coronary artery involved in thrombosis

A

LAD>RCA>LCA

167
Q

Cretinism

A

Iodine deficit/hypothyroidism

168
Q

Cushing syndrome

A
  • Iatrogenic Cushing (from corticosteroid therapy)
  • Adrenocortical adenoma (secretes excess cortisol)
  • ACTH-secreting pituitary adenoma
  • Paraneoplastic Cushing (due to ACTH secretion by tumors)
169
Q

Cyanosis (early; less common)

A

Tetralogy of Fallot, transposition of great vessels, truncus arteriosus

170
Q

Cyanosis (late; more common)

A

VSD, ASD, PDA

171
Q

Death in CML

A

Blast crisis

172
Q

Death in SLE

A

Lupus nephropathy

173
Q

Dementia

A

Alzheimer disease, multiple infarcts

174
Q

Demyelinating disease in young women

A

Multiple sclerosis

175
Q

DIC

A

Severe sepsis, obstetric complications, cancer, burns, trauma, major surgery

176
Q

Dietary deficit

A

Iron

177
Q

Diverticulum in pharynx

A

Zenker diverticulum (diagnosed by barium swallow)

178
Q

Ejection click

A

Aortic/pulmonic stenosis

179
Q

Esophageal cancer

A

Squamous cell carcinoma (worldwide); adenocarcinoma (US)

180
Q

Food poisoning (exotoxin mediated)

A

S aureus, B cereus

181
Q

Glomerulonephritis (adults)

A

Berger disease (IgA nephropathy)

182
Q

Gynecologic malignancy

A

Endometrial carcinoma (most common in US); cervical carcinoma (most common worldwide)

183
Q

Heart murmur, congenital

A

MVP

184
Q

Heart valve in bacterial endocarditis

A

Mitral > aortic (rheumatic fever), tricuspid (IV drug abuse)

185
Q

Helminth infection (US)

A

Enterobius vermicularis, Ascaris lumbricoides

186
Q

Hematoma - epidural

A

Rupture of middle meningeal artery (trauma; lentiform shaped)

187
Q

Hematoma - subdural

A

Rupture of bridging veins (crescent shaped)

188
Q

Hemochromatosis

A

Multiple blood transfusions or hereditary HFE mutation (can result in CHF, “bronze diabetes,” and increased risk of HCC)

189
Q

Hepatocellular carcinoma

A

Cirrhotic liver (associated with hep B and C and with alcoholism)

190
Q

Hereditary bleeding disorder

A

von Willebrand disease

191
Q

Hereditary harmless jaundice

A

Gilbert syndrome (benign congenital unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia)

192
Q

HLA-B27

A

Ankylosing spondylitis, reactive arthritis, ulcerative colitis, psoriatic arthritis

193
Q

HLA-DR3, DR4

A

Diabetes mellitus type 1, rheumatoid arthritis, SLE

194
Q

Holosystolic murmur

A

VSD, tricuspid regurgitation, mitral regurgitation

195
Q

Hypercoagulability, endothelial damage, blood stasis

A

Virchow triad (results in venous thrombosis)

196
Q

Hypertension, secondary

A

Renal disease

197
Q

Hypoparathyroidism

A

Accidental excision during thyroidectomy

198
Q

Hypopituaritism

A

Pituitary adenoma (usually benign tumor)

199
Q

Infection secondary to blood transfusion

A

Hep C

200
Q

Infections in chromic granulomatous disease

A

Staph aureus, E coli, Aspergillus (catalase +)

201
Q

Kidney stones

A
  • Calcium - radiopaque
  • Struvite (ammonium) - radiopaque (formed by urease + organisms such as Proteus vulgarism or Staph)
  • Uric acid - radiolucent
202
Q

Late cyanotic shunt (uncorrected left to right becomes right to left)

A

Eisenmenger syndroem (caused by ASD, VSD, PDA; results in pulmonary hypertension/polycythemia)

203
Q

Liver disease

A

Alcoholic cirrhosis

204
Q

Lysosomal storage disease

A

Gaucher disease

205
Q

Male cancer

A

Prostatic carcionma

206
Q

Malignancy associated with non infectious fever

A

Hodgkin lymphoma

207
Q

Malignancy (kids)

A

ALL, medulloblastoma (cerebellum)

208
Q

Metastases to bone

A

Prostate, breast > lung > thyroid

209
Q

Metastases to brain

A

Lung > breast > GU > melanoma > GI

210
Q

Metastases to liver

A

Colon&raquo_space; stomach, pancreas

211
Q

Mitochondrial inheritance

A

Disease occurs in both males and females, inherited through females only

212
Q

Mitral valve stenosis

A

Rheumatic heart disease

213
Q

Mixed (UMN and LMN) motor neuron disease

A

ALS

214
Q

Nephrotic syndrome (kids)

A

Minimal change disease

215
Q

Neuron migration failure

A

Kallmann syndrome (hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and anosmia)

216
Q

Nosocomial pneumonia

A

Klebsiella, E coli, Pseduomonas aeruginosa

217
Q

obstruction of male urinary tract

A

BPH

218
Q

opening snap

A

mitral stenosis

219
Q

opportunistic infection in AIDs

A

Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia

220
Q

Osteomyelitis

A

S aureus

221
Q

Osteomyelitis in sickle cell disease

A

Salmonella

222
Q

Osteomyelitis with IV drug use

A

Pseudomonas, S aureus

223
Q

Ovarian metastasis from gastric carcinoma or breast cancer

A

Krukenberg tumor (mucin-secreting signet-ring cells)

224
Q

Ovarian tumor (benign, bilateral)

A

Serous cystadenoma

225
Q

Ovarian tumor (malignant)

A

Serous cystadenocarcinoma

226
Q

Pancreatitis (acute)

A

Gallstones, alcohol

227
Q

Pancreatitis (chronic)

A

Alcohol (adults), cystic fibrosis (kids)

228
Q

Patient with ALL/CLL/AML/CML

A

ALL: child
CLL: adult > 60
AML: adult ~ 65
CML: adult 30-60

229
Q

PID

A

Chlamydia trachomatis,

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

230
Q

Philadelphia chromosome t(9;22) (bcr-abl)

A

CML (may sometimes be associated with ALL/AML)

231
Q

Pituitary tumor

A

Prolactinoma, somatotropic “acidophilic” adenoma

232
Q

Primary amenorrhea

A

Turner syndrome (45,XO)

233
Q

Primary bone tumor (adults)

A

Multiple myeloma

234
Q

Primary hyperaldosteronism

A

Adenoma of adrenal cortex

235
Q

Primary hyperparathyroidism

A

Adenomas, hyperplasia, carcinoma

236
Q

Primary liver cancer

A

Hepatocellular carcinoma (chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, hemochromatosis, alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency)

237
Q

Pulmonary hypertension

A

COPD

238
Q

Recurrent inflammation/thrombosis of small/medium vessels in extremities

A

Buerger disease (strongly associated with tobacco)

239
Q

Renal tumor

A

Renal cell carcinoma: associated with von Hippel-Lindau and cigarette smoking; paraneoplastic syndromes (EPO, renin, PTH, ACTH)

240
Q

Right heart failure due to pulmonary cause

A

Cor pulmonale

241
Q

S3 (protodiastolic gallop)

A

Increased ventricular filling (L-to-R shunt, mitral regurg, LV failure [CHF])

242
Q

S4 (presystolic gallop)

A

Stiff/hypertrophic ventricle (aortic stenosis, restrictive cardiomyopathy)

243
Q

Secondary hyperparathyroidism

A

Hypocalcemia of chronic kidney disease

244
Q

Sexually transmitted disease

A

Chlamydia (usually coinfected with gonorrhea)

245
Q

SIADH

A

small cell carcinoma of the lung

246
Q

Site of diverticula

A

Sigmoid colon

247
Q

Sites of atherosclerosis

A

Abdominal aorta > coronary artery > popliteal artery > carotid artery

248
Q

Stomach cancer

A

Adenocarcinoma

249
Q

Stomach ulcerations and high gastrin levels

A

Zollinger-Ellison sydnroem (gastrinoma of duodenum or pancreas)

250
Q

t(14;18)

A

Follicular lymphomas (bcl-2 activation)

251
Q

t(8;14)

A

Burkitt lymphoma (c-myc activation)

252
Q

t(9;22)

A

Philadelphia chromosome, CML (bcr-abl fusion)

253
Q

Temporal arteritis

A

Risk of ipsilateral blindness due to thrombosis of opthalmic artery; polymyalgia rheumatica

254
Q

Testicular tumor

A

Seminoma (malignant, radiosensitive)

255
Q

Thyroid cancer

A

Papillary carcinoma

256
Q

Tumor in women

A

Leiomyoma (estrogen dependent, not precancerous)

257
Q

Tumor in infancy

A

Hemangioma (usually regresses spontaneously by childhood)

258
Q

Tumor of the adrenal medulla (adults)

A

Pheochromocytoma (usually benign)

259
Q

Tumor of the adrenal medulla (kids)

A

Neuroblastoma (malginant)

260
Q

Type of Hodgkin

A

Nodular sclerosis (vs. mixed cellularity, lymphocytic predomince, lymphocytic depletion)

261
Q

Type of non-Hodgkin

A

Diffuse large cell

262
Q

UTI

A

E coli, Staph saprophyticus (young women)

263
Q

Viral encephalitis affecting temporal lobe

A

HSV-1

264
Q

Vitamin deficiency (US)

A

Folate (pregnant women are at high risk; body stores only 3- to 4-month supply; prevents neural tube defects)

2014 Rapid Review (10 decks)

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