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IFRE 2501 Block 2 > 201 > Flashcards

201 Flashcards

1
Q

TC AIM RAC 2.8.1 > Class A Airspace

A

Class A airspace is designated where an operational need exists to exclude VFR aircraft.

All operations must be conducted under Instrument Flight Rules and are subject to ATC clearances and instructions. ATC separation is provided to all aircraft.

All aircraft operating in Class A airspace must be equipped with a transponder and automatic pressure altitude reporting equipment, including ADS-B,

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2
Q

TC AIM RAC 2.8.6 > Class F Airspace

A

Class F airspace is airspace of defined dimensions within which activities must be confined because of their nature, and within which limitations may be imposed upon aircraft operations that are not a part of those activities.

Class F airspace may be restricted airspace, advisory airspace, military operations areas, or danger areas and can be controlled airspace, uncontrolled airspace, or a combination of both. An advisory area, for example, may have the floor in uncontrolled airspace and the ceiling in controlled airspace. The significance, in this instance, is that the weather minima would be different in the controlled and uncontrolled portions.

Unless otherwise specified, the rules for the surrounding airspace apply in areas of Class F airspace, no matter if these areas are active or inactive.

Class F airspace is designated in the DAH (TP 1820) and published on the appropriate aeronautical charts.

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3
Q

How does VOR work?

A
  • Emits 360 radials
  • Pilots can tune in equipment in the cockpit, and it gives them a to/from; reception is subject to line-of-sight restrictions
  • Range varies with aircraft altitude, e.g., at 1500 feet AGL range is about 50 NM
  • Above FL300 the range could be up to 150 NM or more
  • Very accurate
  • Each VOR has its own frequency operating in the VHF band
  • Identified on charts by three letter identifiers, e.g. YEZ
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4
Q

What is the VOR used for?

A
  • Enroute navigation (including airways)
  • IFR approaches
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5
Q

How does DME work?

A
  • Functions by way of two-way transmission
  • Usually co-located with a VOR (VOR/DME) and may be co-located with an ILS and referred to as a channel. A channel is given to each DME station and identifies its transmitting frequency.
  • Reference: CFS and enroute IFR charts
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6
Q

What is the DME used for?

A
  • Provides continuous distance information to the pilot in nautical miles
  • Ground based, usually associated with a VOR but can be stand alone
  • Gives distance from wherever the DME is located on the ground
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7
Q

How does NDB work?

A
  • Transmitter with antennae that radiates a non-directional pattern within the low frequency (LF) and medium (MF) bands
  • Subject to weather interference
  • Subject to night interference
  • Identified on charts by 2 or 3 letter or number indicators
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8
Q

What is the NDB used for?

A
  • Enroute navigation – basis of the LF/MF airway and air route system (coloured airways)
  • IFR approaches
  • Functions as a marker beacon for an ILS, can be an approach aid for a non-precision approach
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9
Q

How does GNSS work?

A
  • A satellite navigation or SATNAV system consists of satellites that provide autonomous geo-spatial positioning with global coverage. Small electronic receivers determine their location (longitude,
    latitude, and altitude) to within a few metres using time signals transmitted along a line-of-sight by radio from satellites.
  • GNSS is both a space-based and a ground-based system. The U.S. system consists of 31 satellites in 6 different orbital planes. It is the most widely used navigation system in the world. It provides
    latitude, longitude, altitude, and velocity (ground speed). The GNSS is more accurate than the more traditional methods of navigation such as VOR. Ground stations are used only for monitoring and
    correcting satellite signals.
  • GNSS is quickly replacing ground-based navigational systems. However, current GNSS requires the retention of traditional ground aids as a backup. As GNSS evolves and meets requirements we will see ground aids become less necessary.
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10
Q

What is GNSS used for?

A
  • Navigation for either airway or point-to-point navigation (direct routes and fuel saving routes)
  • GNSS Direct Routes
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11
Q

Lines of latitude are always the same distance.

A

One minute of latitude = 1 nautical mile
one degree = 60 nautical miles (68.707 statute miles)
60 seconds = 1 minute
60 minutes = 1 degree

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12
Q

There are two common ways to record latitude and longitude:

A

Degrees, minutes, and seconds

Degrees and decimal degrees

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13
Q

Methods of Recording a Latitude and Longitude Position

A

Degrees/minutes/seconds

Decimal Degrees

Hybrid

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14
Q

MATS ACC > ATS Surveillance > ATS Surveillance Equipment > Situation Display > Altitude Filters

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++

Select altitude filters that include, as a minimum, the following limits:

A
  • The altitudes normally within the jurisdiction of your sector
  • The first usable altitude in any vertically adjoining airspace under the jurisdiction of another controller, plus 200 feet beyond that altitude
  • If the boundary between vertically adjoined sectors is in RVSM airspace, 2,000 feet plus 200 feet
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15
Q

MATS ACC > Service Fundamentals > Unit Fundamentals > Publications

++++++++++++++++++++++++
Comply with:

A
  • Unit procedures (They may supplement, but not contradict, procedures in this manual.)
  • Directives
  • Information Bulletins
  • Director Approval Letters (DAL)
  • Information Circulars (AIC)
  • Memorandums
  • Agreements
  • Arrangements
  • Other items, as required
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16
Q

ATSAMM – Glossary

++++++++++++++

AGREEMENT

A

An administrative or operational accord between NAV CANADA and one or more outside parties regarding the provision of Air Traffic Services.

Agreement: between NAV CANADA and an outside agency

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17
Q

ATSAMM – Glossary

+++++++++++++++++++++++

ARRANGEMENT

A

An administrative or operational accord between NAV CANADA units regarding the provision of Air Traffic Services

Arrangement: between NAV CANADA and NAV CANADA

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18
Q

ATSAMM > Accords > Accord Rules and Requirements > Rules for Accords

Service delivery directors and managers are responsible to ensure accords are established when it is necessary to:

A
  • Set out responsibilities for the provision of air traffic services.
  • Delegate responsibility for airspace or define conditions for its use.
  • Detail coordination requirements.
  • Establish procedures for standard operating practices that supplement the basic requirements as published in MATS or other directives.
  • Define procedures for other operational reasons offering a benefit to NAV CANADA units or outside parties.
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19
Q

ATSAMM > Unit Documentation > Local Operations Directives and Memos > Rules for Operations Directives and Staff Memos

The unit manager is responsible to follow the Issue Unit Directives mandatory process to develop and issue direction and information required for the efficient administration and operation of the unit in one of the following ways:

A

Operations directive

Staff memo

20
Q

What Information is in an Operations Directive?

Operations directives may supplement but not contradict MATS, and are used for information related to any of the following:

++++++++++++++++++++

A
  • Provision of air traffic services
  • Operation of aircraft, such as aircraft operating characteristics
  • Amendment of current operations directives or unit documentation
  • Annual reminders about seasonal operations such as snow removal, de-icing, forest firefighting, thunderstorm procedures, or runway maintenance.
21
Q

What Information is in a Staff Memo?

+++++++++++++++++++

A

Staff memos are used for information of a non-operational nature

  • employee relations
  • unit housekeeping
  • administrative practices.
22
Q

Danger and restricted areas may see the following types of activity:

+++++++++++++++++++++=

A
  • High speed military exercises
  • Intercept operations
  • Naval activity
  • Live firing
  • Fisheries patrol
  • Drug patrol
23
Q

TC AIM RAC 2.8.6.4 > Restricted Airspace

A

A restricted area is airspace of defined dimensions above the land areas or territorial waters within which the flight of aircraft is restricted in accordance with certain specified conditions. Restricted airspace is designated for safety purposes when the level or type of aerial activity, the surface activity, or the protection of a ground installation requires the application of restrictions within that airspace.

No person may conduct aerial activities within active Class F restricted airspace, unless permission has been obtained from the user agency. In some instances, the user agency may delegate the appropriate controlling agency the authority to approve access. IFR flights will not be cleared through active restricted areas, unless the pilot states that permission has been obtained.

The user agency is the civil or military agency or organization responsible for the activity for which the Class F airspace has been provided. It has the jurisdiction to authorize access to the airspace when it is classified restricted. The user agency must be identified for Class F restricted airspace, and where possible, it should be identified for Class F advisory airspace.

24
Q

TC AIM RAC 2.8.6.2 > Danger Area (International Waters)

A

A danger area is Class F airspace that may be established over international waters but within Canada’s area of responsibility for providing ATS, as agreed to with ICAO. This is an airspace of defined dimensions within which activities dangerous to the flight of aircraft may exist at specified times. ATC clearances will not be issued for non participating flights to enter a danger area. Aircraft should avoid flight in danger areas unless participating in the activity taking place therein.

25
Q

3 DIGIT NUMBERS

+++++++++++++++++++++++

A

(i) 101 to 199 – British Columbia
(ii) 201 to 299 – Alberta
(iii) 301 to 399 – Saskatchewan
(iv) 401 to 499 – Manitoba
(v) 501 to 599 – Ontario
(vi) 601 to 699 – Quebec
(vii) 701 to 799 – New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Labrador
(viii) 801 to 899 – Yukon Territory
(ix) 901 to 999 – Northwest Territories and Nunavut (including
the Arctic Islands)

26
Q

TC AIM RAC 2.8.6.3 > Advisory Airspace

A

Airspace may be classified as Class F advisory airspace if it is airspace within which an activity occurs that, for flight safety purposes, non participating pilots should be aware of, such as training, parachuting, hang gliding, and military operations.

Although not specifically restricted from operating therein, all aircraft are encouraged to avoid flight in advisory airspace unless participating in the activity taking place. If necessary, pilots of non-participating flights may enter advisory areas at their own discretion; however, extra vigilance is recommended. Pilots of participating aircraft, as well as pilots flying through the area, are equally responsible for collision avoidance. ATC will normally ensure that IFR aircraft in controlled airspace remain clear of Class F advisory airspace. IFR aircraft shall be provided 500 ft vertical separation from an active Class F advisory airspace, unless wake turbulence minima are applicable, in which case 1 000 ft vertical separation shall be applied.

Pilots intending to fly in Class F advisory airspace are encouraged to monitor an appropriate frequency, to broadcast their intentions when entering and leaving the area, and to communicate, as necessary, with other users to ensure flight safety in the airspace. In a Class F advisory uncontrolled airspace area, 126.7 MHz would be an appropriate frequency.

NOTE: Military operations in Class F airspace may be UHF only.

27
Q

ADVISORY CODES

+++++++++++++++++++

A

A– acrobatic
F – aircraft test
H – hang gliding
M – military operations
P – parachuting
S – soaring
T – training

28
Q

MATS ACC > Flight Information > Information Service > Flight
Hazards

A

If you observe, or if responsible agencies, individuals, or other pilots report conditions that may affect flight safety, inform pilots.

If you notice or are aware of a hazard to the safety of aviation, immediately inform your supervisor.

If you observe, or if responsible agencies, individuals, or other pilots relay to you information about aerodrome conditions that may affect flight safety, inform the aerodrome operator.

29
Q

MATS ACC > Flight Information > Information Service > Flight Hazards

If information is available, advise pilots when their aircraft has entered, or is about to enter:

A
  • Active Class F airspace
  • Airspace restricted by the Minister
  • An MOA
  • Active American special-use airspace
  • ATFR.
30
Q

MATS ACC > Separation > Separation from Special-Use Airspace > Canadian Class F Airspace

+++++++++++++++++++

Do not apply separation between an aircraft and Class F airspace or a Canadian Military Operations Area (MOA) if one of the following applies:

A
  • The aircraft is operating in an ALTRV.
  • The pilot states having obtained permission from the user agency to enter the airspace.
  • The user agency releases the airspace to the controlling agency
  • The pilot has been cleared for a contact or visual approach.

The DAH states the times that Class F airspace is active. A user agency may release an area in part or in total when not in use to a controlling agency. In such cases, ATC may advise the aircraft that the airspace is inactive and issue a clearance. Such provisions for release should be contained in an agreement between the user and controlling agency. Areas released use assume the same airspace classification as the surrounding airspace

31
Q

MATS ACC > Separation > Separation from Special-Use Airspace > Canadian Class F Airspace > Class F Advisory (CYA) > Vertical
Separation from Upper Limit of a CYA

IFR OR CVFR

A

MINIMUM:
500 FT

MINIMUM IF WAKE TURBULENCE SEPERATION IS REQUIRED:
1000FT

32
Q

MATS ACC > Separation > Separation from Special-Use Airspace > Canadian Class F Airspace > Class F Advisory (CYA) > Vertical
Separation from Lower Limit of a CYA

IFR AT OR ABOVE 18000 FT ASL

A

ALTIMETER: ALL
MINIMUM:
500 FT

MINIMUM IF WAKE TURBULENCE SEPERATION IS REQUIRED:
1000 FT

33
Q

MATS ACC > Separation > Separation from Special-Use Airspace > Canadian Class F Airspace > Class F Advisory (CYA) > Vertical
Separation from Lower Limit of a CYA

(PAUL SAID FORGET THIS SLIDE)

IFR OR CVFR BELOW 18000 FT ASL
(LOWER LIMIT DEFINED IN TERMS OF FL)

A

29.92 = 500FT/1000FT
29.81-28.92 = 1500FT/2000FT
28.91-27.92 = 2500FT/3000FT
27.91 OR BELOW = 3500FT/4000FT

VFR = AIRCRAFT MAY ENTER

34
Q

MATS ACC > Separation > Separation from Special-Use Airspace > Canadian Class F Airspace > Class F Advisory (CYA) > Vertical
Separation from Lower Limit of a CYA

IFR OR CVFR BELOW 18000 FT ASL
(LOWER LIMIT DEFINED IN TERMS OF HEIGHT)

A

IFR OR CVFR:
500FT/1000FT

VFR
AIRCRAFT MAY ENTER

35
Q

MATS ACC > Separation > Separation from Special-Use Airspace > Canadian Class F Airspace > Class F Advisory Airspace (CYA) > Lateral Separation with a CYA

If not using ATS surveillance…

A

… ensure the protected airspace for the IFR or CVFR aircraft does not overlap the CYA.

36
Q

MATS ACC > Separation > Separation from Special-Use Airspace > Canadian Class F Airspace > Class F Advisory Airspace (CYA) > Lateral Separation with a CYA

If using ATS surveillance…

A

…ensure direct communication using VHF/UHF voice

IFR CVFR

DOES N0T INCLUDE DND-NWS:
NO PART OF PPS ENTERS OR TOUCHES

IS OR INCLUDES DND-NWS:
5 MILES

37
Q

MATS ACC > Separation > Separation from Special-Use Airspace >Canadian Class F Airspace > CYA Incursions

If a pilot operating in controlled airspace requests a clearance to penetrate Class F Advisory airspace or fly closer to it than separation minima would permit without permission from the user agency,

A

Advise the pilot that you are unable to
provide an IFR clearance.
If the pilot insists on penetrating the Class F Advisory airspace or flies closer to it than separation minima permit, issue an advisory.

38
Q

MATS ACC > Separation > Separation from Special-Use Airspace > Canadian Class F Airspace

A

The DAH states the times that Class F airspace is active. A user agency may release an area in part or in total when not in use to a controlling agency. In such cases, ATC may advise the aircraft that the airspace is inactive and issue a clearance. Such provisions for release should be contained in an agreement between the user and controlling agency. Areas released use assume the same airspace classification as the surrounding airspace.

39
Q

MATS ACC > Separation > Separation from Special-Use Airspace > Canadian Class F Airspace > Class F Restricted Airspace (CYR) > Vertical Separation with a CYR

Apply vertical separation with a CYR…
(UPPER LIMIT DEFINED IN TERMS OF FL)

A

IFR

ABOVE FL 290
MIN 2000 FT

18000 FT ASL TO FL 290
MIN 1000 FT

40
Q

MATS ACC > Separation > Separation from Special-Use Airspace > Canadian Class F Airspace > Class F Restricted Airspace (CYR) > Vertical Separation with a CYR

Apply vertical separation with a CYR…
(UPPER LIMIT DEFINED IN TERMS OF ALTITUDE)

A

IFR OR CVFR

MIN 1000FT

41
Q

MATS ACC > Separation > Separation from Special-Use Airspace > Canadian Class F Airspace > Class F Restricted Airspace (CYR) > Lateral Separation with a CYR

If not using ATS surveillance, ensure the protected airspace for the IFR or CVFR aircraft does not overlap the CYR.

If using ATS surveillance, ensure direct communication using VHF/UHF voice, and refer to the table below.

A

3 MILES
- YOU PROVIDE TERMINAL CONTROL SERVICE
-ATS SURVEILLANCE SOURCES INCLUDES MLAT/WAM, DND-NG, OR RSE BUT DOES NOT INCLUDE DND-NWS
-CSIT OR NARDS DISPLAYS A MAXIMUM RANGE OF 120 MILES FRO MLEFT TO RIGHT
- AN ALTITUDE READOUT IS DISPALYED FOR THE AIRCRAFT, OR THE AIRCRAFT IS AT OR BELOW 15000FT ASL

5 MILES
ATS SURVEILLANCE SOURCES DOES NOT INCLUDE DND-NWS

10 MILES
ATS SURVEILLANCE SOURCES DO INCUDE DND-NWS

42
Q

TURBULENCE GRADES

A

LIGHT
MODERATE
SEVERE

43
Q

EFFECTS OF CUMULONIMBUS CLOUDS ON AIRCRAFT

A

TURBULENCE
WIND SHEAR
IN-FLIGHT ICING
ELECTRICAL DISTURBANCE
PRECIPITATION
EXTREME WEATHER

44
Q

RIDE REPORT

A

pilots to give you an account or description of the weather they are flying through.

45
Q

MATS ACC > Flight Information > Aerodrome Information > RVR

If the RVR for a runway is less than 6000 feet or if the pilot requests it, issue the reported RVR to the following:

A
  • Arriving aircraft when landing information is issued
  • Aircraft on final approach
46
Q

MATS ACC > Flight Information > Aerodrome Information > RVR

When issuing RVR information, use one of the formats presented in RVR Format:

A
  • If the aircraft is established on final approach and no confusion is likely, you may omit the runway identification.
  • RVR values are reported in feet, and can be expressed using number groups.
  • When the RVR is fluctuating, indicate ground visibility.
47
Q

MATS ACC > Flight Information > Weather Information > Weather Message Structure > METAR, SPECI, or Automated Observations

Relay a METAR, SPECI, or automated observation as displayed except, exclude the following remarks:

A
  • Cloud types, unless TCU or CB, and cloud amounts
  • Sea level pressure data

IFRE 2501 Block 2 (9 decks)

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