200 anticonvulsants and barbuitates Flashcards
anticonvulsants
phenytoin
DILANTIN
NAME
pheny-to-in
DIL-AN-TIN (dil and tin went to see pheny toe ingrown)
anticonvulsant and antiarrhythmic
moa
inhibits the spread of seizure activity by promoting sodium efflux from neuron stabilizing threshold from excitability from excess stimulation
also suppresses cardiac arrhythmias by stabilizing sodium influx at Purkinje fibers decreasing abnormal automaticity and increasing av node conduction
indication: seizures, digitals/tca induced ventricular dysthrimias
dose
seizures
15-20mg/kg SIVP/IO max 1000mg
cardiac
100mg SIVP/IO
s/s
- arrhythmias
- Aloc
- lethargy
- hypotension
- itching/rash
- n/v
CONTRA/precautions
2&3 degree block, bradycardia
precipitates in D5W must be mixed in NS
do not admin faster than 50mg/min***
continuous monitoring is required during admin
need blood lvls prior to taking
barbuitates
phenobarbital
LUMINAL
NAME
pheno-bar-it-al
LU-MIN-AL (phen at the bar with the moon and all)
moa
increases the action of GABA
also inhibits glutamine from the nerve ending
these give it sedative and anticonvulsant action
depressing sensory cortex and motor activity
dose
100-250mg SIVP/IO
s/s
- hypotension
- Aloc
- resp depression
- bradycardia
- drowsiness
- headache
- n/v
- syncope
- apnea
effective and has low toxicity
