100 Electrolytes Flashcards
Calcium Chloride
Class/names/class
Cal•c•ium Chlo•ride CaCL (no trade)
Class: calcium supplement
Calcium Chloride
Indication/contra/MOA
MOA
calcium involved in cardiac contraction, increased Ca strengthens cardiac contractions and ventricular automaticity increased. should competitively influx Ca into myocardium cells via unblocked channels
Indication:
- Calcium Channel Blocker Overdose
- Hyperkalemia
- Hypocalcemia
- Hypermagnesemia
- the antidote to Mag Sulfate
Contraindications
- pt taking Digitalis(may cause Toxicity)
- hypercalcemia
Calcium Chloride
Dose
2-4 my/kg SIVP q10 min prn
Calcium Chloride
precautions S/S
s/s:
- bradycardia
- arrhythmias
- hypotension
- syncope
- cardiac arrest
- n/v
precautions
always flush line after admin. don’t mix may precipitate with other drugs. patent iv/io can cause tissue damage
Calcium Gluconate
Name/class
Names
cal-c-ium glu-co-nate
GLUCONATE
Class
calcium salt/antidotes
Calcium Gluconate
Ind/Contr/MOA
MOA
Essential salt for creation of Bone, muscle contraction, signal transduction pathways
Indication
- Hypocalcemia
- antidote for mag sulfate serious side effects
Contraindication
- Hypercalcemia
- Digioxin OD/poisoning
- Sarcoidosis
Calcium Gluconate
Dose
1-2g over 2 hr
Calcium Gluconate
precaution& S/S
S/S
- bradycardia
- hypotension
- Headache
- n/v
- hypomagnesemia
- hypophosphatemia
Precautions
Hepatic or Renal imparmient, cardiovascaular disease
magnesium sulfate
name/class
Name
Mag-nes-ium sulfate
MAGNESIUM SULFATE
Class
electrolyte, anticonvulsant, antidysrrthymic
magnesium sulfate
MOA/ind/contra
MOA
reduces striated muscle contraction and blocks peripheral neuromuscular transmission by reducing ACh at the myoneural junction (smooth muscle relaxant in bronchioles)
acts as a physiological calcium channel blocker
increases serum magnesium lvls
Indications
- status asthmaticus
- seizures in eclampsia
- torsades de pointes
- hypomagnesemia
- digitalis toxicity dysrhythmias
CONTRA
- sever HTN
- hypocalcemia
- 3rd-degree block
- shock
- routine dialysis
magnesium sulfate
dose
asthma
1-2g diluted in 10 ml n/s SIVP over 20 min
torsades
1-2 g 50-100ml n/s over 5-60min iv/io
seizure eclampsia
4-6g iv/io over 20-30 min
magnesium sulfate
s/s & precautions
s/s
- hypotension
- rep depression
- arrhythmia
- bradycardia
- lethargy
- hypothermia
- rash/itching
- diarrhea
- n/v
precaution
admin slowly, cardiac monitoring, calcium chloride ready for the reversal of serious side effects
sodium bicarbonate
name/class
name
sod-ium bi-carb-o-nate
SODIUM BICARBONATE
CLASS
alkalinizing agent
sodium bicarbonate
moa/ind/contra
moa
salt that provides bicarbonate to buffer acidosis. increases blood PH lvls
ind
- TCA OD
- hyperkalemia
- metabolic acidosis
contra
- alkalosis
- sever pulmonary edema
- hypocalcemia
- hypokalemia
- hypernatremia(Na)
sodium bicarbonate
dose
1mEq/kg followed by 0.5mEq/Kg q 10 min
