20. Emergency Medical Assistance

Question 0

20.1.3 Controlling Bleeding

Answer 0

1. Cover wound with dressing and apply direct pressure
2. Elevate injured limb above heart
3. Apply bandage and additional dressing, as necessary
4. Use arterial pressure if direct pressure fails to stop bleeding
5. Get medical help

Question 1

20.1.2 Assessment Principles

Answer 1

1. Make sure location is safe for you and patient
2. Conduct primary survey
3. Airway
4. Breathing
5. Circulation

Question 2

20.1.4 Treating Burns

Answer 2

1. Stop the burning
2. Cool the burn - use large amounts of cool water
3. Cover the burn - dry, sterile dressing or clean cloth
4. Get medical help

Question 3

20.1.5 Treating for Shock

Answer 3

1. Have victim lie down
2. Control bleeding
3. Elevate legs (unless head, neck, spinal, hip or leg injuries are suspected)
4. Reassure victim
5. Do NOT give food or drink
6. Get medical help

Question 4

20.1.6 Treating Broken Bones & Severe Sprains

Answer 4

1. Determine the type and location of injury
2. Swelling
3. Bruising
4. Inability to move affected part normally
5. Protruding bone
6. Victim feels bone grating or heard a snap or pop at time of injury
7. Cold feeling or numbness at site of injury
8. Immobilize affected part
9. Splint, if necessary
10. Get medical help

Question 5

20.1.7 Treating Poisoning

Answer 5

1. Chemical poisoning by contact
   
   • Flush with water
2. Chemical poisoning by ingestion
   
   • Identify the poison
   • Check breathing, pulse, and level of consciousness
   • Contact Poison Control Center - DO NOT give anything to eat or drink unless instructed to by medical personnel
   • Get medical help
3. Snake bite - poisoning by injection
   
   • Wash wound
   • Keep bitten part still, and keep it lower than the victim’s heart
   • Get medical help

Question 6

20.1.8 Heat-related Illness

Answer 6

1. Get victim out of the heat
2. Loosen tight clothing
3. Remove perspiration-soaked clothing
4. Apply cool, wet cloths to the skin
5. Cool the victim
6. If the victim is conscious, give them water to drink
7. Get medical help if victim is vomiting, unable to drink, or loses consciousness

Question 7

20.1.9 Choking

Answer 7

1. Place thumb side of fist against middle of abdomen , just above naval
2. Grasp fist with other hand
3. Give quick, upward thrusts

Question 8

20.1.9 Rescue Breathing

Answer 8

1. Tilt head back and lift chin
2. Pinch nose shut
3. Give two slow breaths, checking to see if chest gently rises
4. Use abdominal up (up to 5 times) to clear airway, if obstructed, and sweep out mouth
5. Check pulse
6. Give to slow breaths every 5 seconds for one minute (i.e. 12 breaths)
7. Recheck pulse and breathing about every minute
8. Continue rescue breathing as long as a pulse is present even if the victim is not breathing

Question 9

20.1.9 What to use for a pregnant victim of choking?

Answer 9

*Chest compressions (not abdominal thrusts)

Question 10

20.1.10 Diabetic Coma

Answer 10

1. Transport the victim to a medical facility immediately

Question 11

20.1.10 Insulin Shock

Answer 11

1. Conscious patient
   
   • Administer sugar, granular sugar, honey, lifesavers or other candy by placing it under the tongue, or have them drink orange juice
2. Unconscious patient
   
   • Avoid giving liquids
   • Provide a sprinkle of sugar under tongue
   • Turn head ti side or place on side
   • Transport to medical facility

Question 12

20.1.10 Stroke

Answer 12

1. Maintain an open airway
2. Keep patient at rest
3. Protect all paralyzed parts
4. Provide emotional support
   5.