20. 22. 25. ) ACFT

Question 1

What does the term “Wake Turbulence” mean ?

Answer 1

It is the effect of the rotating air masses generated behind the wing tips of large jet aircraft.

This is different to ‘Wake Vortex’ which describes the nature of those air masses.
A wingtip vortex can be similar to a small tornado.

Question 2

Wake turbulence weight categories

Answer 2

>136,000kg - Super (J) & Heavy (H)
<136,000kg - >7000kg - Medium (M)
<7000kg - Light (L)

< - Less than
> - More than

Question 3

Effects of wake turbulence

Answer 3

• Induced roll
• Loss of height or rate of climb
• Possible structural stress
• Adverse effect on engine including flameouts.

The greatest danger is the roll induced on the
penetrating aircraft to the degree that it
exceeds the counter control capability of the
aircraft concerned

Question 4

ICAO approach cats

Answer 4

Nominal Vat (Velocity at Threshold) is defined as 1.3 x Stalling Speed in the landing configuration at Maximum Certificated Landing Mass.

Question 5

What is OCA/H?

Answer 5

OBSTACLE CLEARANCE ALTITUDE / HEIGHT (OCA/H)

The lowest altitude/ height above the elevation of the relevant runway threshold or above the aerodrome elevation as applicable used in establishing compliance with the appropriate obstacle clearance criteria.

Question 6

FACTORS AFFECTING TAKE-OFF PERFORMANCE

Answer 6

PILOT PREFERENCES
SERVICEABILITY
NOISE ABATEMENT & ATC
WIND - Strength & Direction
COMPANY INSTRUCTIONS
AIR TEMPERATURE - ICAO Std. 15°C
RUNWAY - Length/Slope/Constr./Contam
POWER - Provided by Power plant
TAKE-OFF MASS - Load + aircraft weight
ELEVATION OF AIRFIELD - Air Pressure calculations based on 1013.2 hP

Question 7

FACTORS AFFECTING LANDING PERFORMANCE

Answer 7

ELEVATION OF AIRFIELD - Air Pressure calculations based on 1013.2 hPa
LANDING MASS - (Load + aircraft weight)
RUNWAY - Length/Slope/Con struct’n./Contam.
AIR TEMPERATURE - ICAO Std. 15° C
WIND - Strength & Direction
ATC - Request to vacate early, etc
COMPANY INSTRUCTIONS
PILOT PREFERENCES
SERVICEABILITY

Question 8

The civil VHF communications spectrum is from

Answer 8

118.0 to 136.975 MHz.

Question 9

What factors affect the designated operational coverage of a VHF station

Answer 9

• Position of Transmitter
• Power of Transmitter
• Altitude of Recipient
• Local Terrain (Line of Sight)
• Environmental / Meteorological Phenomena
• Consider transferring aircraft to another frequency with better coverage as aircraft travels along its route or changes flight profile

Question 10

What other means of communication are there?

Answer 10

CPDLC
Emergency radios - handheld
SITA - (ACARS Data Link)
Standby radio
Mobile phone
SELCAL

Question 11

Emergency squawks

Answer 11

7700 - emergency
7600 - radio failure
7500 - hijack/unlawful interference