2) The Feb/mar Revolution 1917

Question 1

when were political parties formed and what were the main categories

Answer 1

1906
liberals (reform)
revolutionaries (overthrow)

Question 2

what was the imperial cabinet

Answer 2

a group of honourary advisers directly responsible to the tsar

Question 3

what did cabinet of ministers do

Answer 3

ran various governement departments

Question 4

how important was the duma

Answer 4

had no real power

tsar remained final authority

Question 5

what was the social democrats split into

Answer 5

bolsheviks

mensheviks

Question 6

Causes of feb/March rev

Answer 6

Frustration of unemployment
People starved and desperate

Demonstration of 150,000 Petrograd workers on anniversary of Bloody Sunday (jan 1917) - hint of things to come

Shortages of bread
Announced that on March 1st bread would be rationed - led to panic buying and good shortages and major strikes

Question 7

What happened on Sunday 26th feb 1917

Answer 7

duma president sent tsar a telegram warning him of serious situation in Petrograd

Nicholas ignored warnings and ordered duma to be dissolved next day

Question 8

How did strikes result to much more on Saturday 25 th feb

Answer 8

250,000 people in Petrograd at standstill

Violence escalated when mounted police tried to control masses

Band of civilians killed by soldiers

Cossacks refused to attack a procession of strikers when ordered to do so

Question 9

Who is the president of the duma

Answer 9

Mikhail rodzianko

Wealthy land owner and octoberists

Question 10

Describe the mutiny that begun

Answer 10

Sergeant shot his commanding officer dead

66,000 soldiers mutinied and joined protesters by arming them with 40,000 rifles.

Question 11

Leadership of the feb March rev

Answer 11

Appeared to be spontaneous and leaderless

Major bolsheviks were absent
Eg Lenin in Zurich and Trotsky in New York

Spontaneous rising driven by oppressed working class

Question 12

Who is victor Chernov

Answer 12

Leader of social revolutionaries

Minister of agriculture in provisional government

Question 13

How did the February match begin

Answer 13

International women’s day March led by kollontai

Question 14

Where was the tsar during the feb revolution

Answer 14

On train to Petrograd but never got there

Question 15

As a result of the feb revolution what did tsar do

Answer 15

Asked to share power with duma and was told he was too late and missed his chance

Abdicated

Question 16

After the revolution which organisations claimed to be the new Russian government

Answer 16

Provisional government
(Kadets - supported tsar, from duma)

Petrograd soviets ( bolsheviks) 
(Democratic workers, radical socialists)

Question 17

Which political party did Lenin come back to lead

Answer 17

Bolsheviks

Question 18

What type of people were Petrograd soviets

Answer 18

Workers
Soldiers
Peasants

Question 19

What were the aims of the Petrograd Soviet

Answer 19

To end war quickly
Land distribution
Nationalisation of industry

Question 20

What will the policies of the Petrograd Soviet

Answer 20

Promise of civil liberties

Promise of freedom to organise trade unions and strikes

Question 21

Key figures of Petrograd soviet

Answer 21

Aleksandre kerensky - lawyer, sr representative

minister of war
1917 july became chairman - repaced lvov

Question 22

Petrograd soviets attitude towards provisional government

Answer 22

Member should obey the provisional government but only when the Soviets agreed

Question 23

Petrograd Soviet’s attitude towards to war

Answer 23

Encourage peasants and workers to defy authority and assert their rights

Wanted to end war as quick as possible without annexation of territory by Germans as price of peace

Question 24

Type of people in provisional government

Answer 24

Influential elites

Those who favoured constitutional monarchy
Eg kadets liberals and moderate socialists

Question 25

Aims of provisional government

Answer 25

Restore order in towns and country side

Supposed to be temporary

Discipline army deserters

Question 26

Polices of provisional government

Answer 26

Change of regime should lead to all our win of the war

Question 27

Key figures in provisional government

Answer 27

Mikhail- helped set up pg in 1917

Prince lvov - wealthy aristocrat and zemstvo leader
became head of pg after tsars abdication

Question 28

What is an aristocrat

Answer 28

Nobleman, lord

Question 29

Provisional governments attitudes towards the war

Answer 29

Tries to discipline army deserters

Change of regime would lead to an all out effort win to the war

Question 30

Potential problems to provisional governments control

Answer 30

Only supposed to be temporary while preparations made to determine future government

Lacked any real legitimacy and would often be ignored

Failure to set date for elections caused complaints

Question 31

Main reasons for dissatisfaction with provisional government was

Answer 31

Failure to tackle :

• continuation of war
• demand for land
• economic and social problems facing the population

Question 32

List of some freedoms given to Russia in spring 1917

Answer 32

Freedom of religion

Freedom of press

Abolish death penalty

Pardon political prisoners

Set up commissions for matters such as food supplies and finance