2 - Renaissance

Question 1

Renaissance

Answer 1

1450-1600
Rebirth
Indiv. Sought to free themselves from views of R.C. Church and turned to science
Church still important but limited to matters of spiritual
Mechanical reproduction of works possible because of printing press
music more widely avail = exchange of international styles

Question 2

Leading centres for music publishing in renaissance(3)

Answer 2

Antwerp
Amsterdam
Venice

Question 3

Continuous imitation

Answer 3

Polyphony assoc. with renaissance

Motive or theme passed from one voice to another

Question 4

Homorhythmic texture

Answer 4

All voices sing same rhythm
Chordal texture
Clear text delivery, listener hears top voice most

Question 5

Modal counterpoint

Answer 5

Polyphonic texture based on modes

Counterpoint

Question 6

Word painting

Answer 6

Musical pictorialiazation

Music reflects meaning of the text

Question 7

Chromaticism

Answer 7

Melodies that include all the notes available within the octave

Question 8

Mass

Answer 8

Most important service in liturgy of r.c church
Includes prayers, readings, communion
began in church but moved to concert halls with composers like Bach and Beethoven
composers often used polyphonic settings of the 5 mvmts of mass to show their mastery of contrapuntalism

Question 9

Mass ordinary

Answer 9

Unchanging parts of the mass
Kyrie
Gloria
Credo
Sanctus
Benedictus
Agnus dei

Question 10

Mass proper

Answer 10

Changing parts of the mass
Introit
Gradual
Alleluia
Offertory
Communion

Question 11

Consort of instruments

Answer 11

Instrument ensemble
Whole consort: all inst from one family eg viols

Broken consort; mixed combo of instruments

Question 12

Viols

Answer 12

Bowed, stringed inst from Ren.

Varied in size

Question 13

Viola de gamba

Answer 13

6 strings
Held like a cello
Fretted like guitar

Question 14

Virginal

Answer 14

All plucked keyboard instruments.
Could be placed on table or lap
Smalle, lighter more portable than harsichord
English version always a rectangle

Question 15

Sacred Motet

Answer 15

became principal form of music in 15th cent.
single text used in place of multiple texts at once
grew out of desire for clarity and direct communication
features: polyphonic
single latin text
usually 4 voices
used new harmonies of 3rd and 6ths

Question 16

Italian Madrigal

Answer 16

set stage for dev’t of opera
initially homophonic, with focus on bringing pleasure to the performers
evolved into more complex form meant for aristocracy
features: short poems of a lyric or reflective nature
topics of live, humor and politics
prominent word painting

Question 17

English Madrigal

Answer 17

loved by Q.E. I
spread from Italy to England in form of “musica transalpina”(beyond the alps) which was the first printed collection of Italian madrigals in England
changed as eng. composers began their own works
features: polyphonic & homophonic alternating
word painting
included nonsense syllable like fa-la-la and nonny-no

Question 18

Instrumental music

Answer 18

works being shared as they were now published
dance music became popular as Henry VIII and Eliz. I were good dancers and expected courtiers to dance
features: polyphonic, usually 4 parts, often paired in slow fast combos

Question 19

Fitzwilliam Virginal Book

Answer 19

300 works of English keyboard writers of the time