2) Parasites: Nematodes

Question 1

Roundworms are class what?

Answer 1

Class Nematoda

Question 2

Helminth means

Answer 2

worm

Question 3

Do Helminths live intracellularly or extracellularly?

Answer 3

extracellularly in GI tract and organs

Question 4

Ingestion of nutrients can be?

Answer 4

Passive or active

Question 5

nutrients are stored as?

Answer 5

glycogen

Question 6

sexual or asexual reproduction

Answer 6

sexual

Question 7

what time of sex?

Answer 7

males, females, and some hermaphrodites

Question 8

Oviparous

Answer 8

they are egg-laying

Question 9

Where do helminths multiply?

Answer 9

they do not multiply in the host. Must leave

Question 10

is there more or less infection from environmental exposure

Answer 10

more infection with environmental exposure

Question 11

Nematodes can be free-living or parasitic true/false

Answer 11

true

Question 12

Nematode shape

Answer 12

elongate/cylindrical

Question 13

what kind of mouth present in nematodes?

Answer 13

Alimentary canal present (they have teeth)

Question 14

do sexes separate or stay to together?

Answer 14

typically separate

Question 15

characteristics for identification

Answer 15

bursa (males can be with or without)
vulva
mouth
esophagus
size

Question 16

direct lifecycle: infective larva is L what?

Answer 16

L3

Question 17

Direct Lifcycle: Infective egg is L what?

Answer 17

L2

Question 18

Indirect lifecycle: L1 is infective to:

Answer 18

intermediate host

Question 19

Indirect lifecycle: L3 is infective to:

Answer 19

final host

Question 20

Means of survival for Nematode

Answer 20

Periparturient rise
eggs with larva
paretic hosts
transmammary
transplacenta

Question 21

Periparturient rise definition

Answer 21

animals with large poop protect parasite

animals with small poop do not protect parasite

Question 22

how is the immune system avoided

Answer 22

arrested development

Question 23

Bad weather

Answer 23

hypobiosis (arrested development)

Question 24

what is the definitive host?

Answer 24

Dog, sheep

Question 25

Paratenic host?

Answer 25

mouse, mosquito in dog

Question 26

Partenic host with a cat for definitive host? (indirect lifecycle)

Answer 26

the bird paratenic host | snail intermediate host

Question 27

Nematode to know?

Answer 27

Ancylostoma caninum

Question 28

Ancylostoma caninium

Answer 28

- L3 = infective stage - Prepaturient rise - Direct Lifecycle - arrested development - lung migration

Question 29

Ancylostoma caninium: Five modes of infection:

Answer 29

- Percutaneous or oral penetration - Per os - Paratenic hosts - Transplacental: rare - Transmammary: important

Question 30

Ancylostoma caninum : Lifecycle:

Answer 30

Direct

Question 31

Ancylostoma caninum characteristics

Answer 31

small 1-2 cm, hook appearance, small intestine, attach to intestinal villi with large mouth, limited immunity, zoonotic, most severe in young animals

Question 32

Ancylostoma caninum: large mouth

Answer 32

buccal cavity

Question 33

Ancylostoma caninium causes

Answer 33

- hemorrhaging | - Anemia

Question 34

Ancylostoma caninum egg shape

Answer 34

oval, thin shelled 60 x 40 um

Question 35

Perpartuient rise in Ancylostoma caninum

Answer 35

2-3 weeks

Question 36

Ancylostoma caninum: Lifecycle

Answer 36

Direct dog poops, egg passes in feces, larvae hatch develop and is ingested by dog. can also get transmamary/transplacentally