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VN2 Lec > 2- Geriatrics > Flashcards

2- Geriatrics Flashcards

1
Q

Define geriatrics

A

Study, examination, care, and/or treatment of the elderly

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2
Q

Age at which considered geriatric
Dogs
Cats

A

Dogs- age 7 yrs

Cats-age 7-8 yrs

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3
Q

Define neoplasia

A

Term for cancer

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4
Q

Define metabolism

A

Set of chemical reactions that happen in living organisms to maintain life

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5
Q

Categories of common geriatric diseases/ disorders

A

Neoplasia
Loss or function
Metabolic disorders

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6
Q

A change in perception, thinking, learning, and or reasoning ability cause by changes in the brain

A

Cognitive dysfunction

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7
Q

Examples of loss of function

A

Musculoskeletal disorders, cognitive dysfunction, incontinence

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8
Q

Cognitive dysfunction: what DISH stands for

A

D- disorientation
I- Interaction changes
S- Sleep patterns
H- house-soiling

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9
Q

Urinary incontinence most common in

A

Spayed female dogs

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10
Q

Causes of urinary incontinence

A

Spayed dog, decreased urethral sphincter tone, decreased mobility

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11
Q

Define incontinence

A

Loss of ability to hold urine or feces

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12
Q

Types of metabolic disorders

A

Hormonal imbalances
Electrolyte imbalances
Enzymatic deficiencies or imbalances

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13
Q

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a form of what disorder

A

Metabolic

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14
Q

Define diabetes mellitus

A

Insufficient insulin production by the pancreas, or the body’s cells become resistant to its effects

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15
Q

Hyperthyroidism is seen in (cats or dogs)

Hypothyroidism is seen in

A

Hyper - cats

Hypo - dogs

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16
Q

Cushings disease is what kind of disease

It’s also known as

A

Adrenal disease

Hyperadenocorticism

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17
Q

Cushings disease causes

A

Excessive production of glucocorticoid hormones by the adrenal glands

18
Q

Liver disease may cause

A

Excessive production of liver enzymes

19
Q

Signs of metabolic disorders

A

Polyuria/ polydipsia (frequently w dilute urine) , anorexia, weight loss or gain, alopecia, vomiting, diarrhea, behavioral changes

20
Q

Polydipsia

A

Excessive thirst

21
Q

Alopecia refers to hair loss particularly

A

Bilaterally symmetrical hair loss

22
Q

What part of treatment Theodore considers most important

A

History and PE

23
Q

Age related changes in lens of eye

A 
Nuclear sclerosis (haziness), doesn’t significantly impair vision.
Increased opacity (cataract), May seriously impair vision.
24
Q

Geriatric animals more susceptible to what other eyes issues

A

Glaucoma, eye infection (also lens problems)

25
Q

Test glaucoma with a

A

Tonometer or tonopen

26
Q

If hearing loss, caution owners not to

A

Startle, let animal loose

27
Q

Common ear problems w geriatric patients

A

Susceptibility to rumors or infections.

28
Q

Chronic ear infections of geriatric patients may suggest what

A

Hypothyroidism

29
Q

Oral problems common in geriatric patients.

A

Periodontal disease very common (esp in small breed dogs)

Look for neoplasia of the mouth (black or red lesions)

30
Q

Abnormal heart sounds may indicate

A

Rhythm disturbances, valvular problems, cardiomyopathy

31
Q

When auscultating heart check for

A

Murmurs and irregular rhythms

32
Q

Cardiomyopathy

A

Cardiac muscle disorders

33
Q

Geriatric skin becomes a less effective barrier against _______, increasing susceptibility to ______

A

Pathogens/ infection

34
Q

Muscle atrophy

A

Muscles waste away

35
Q

Seborrhea or pyoderma May indicate

A

Hypothyroidism (over production of sebum and pus filled skin elevation)

36
Q

Alopecia May be a sign of

A

Metabolic disorders

37
Q

Skin nodules may be _____ or _____

A

Neoplastic or benign (lipoma)

38
Q

Cysts of oil producing sebaceous glands cause

Common in

A

Sebaceous cysts

Common in small breed dogs

39
Q

Why nails need to be trimmed often in older animals

A

Less activity therefore less wear

Assist walking

40
Q

German shepherds prone to what skeletal problem

A

Hip dysplasia

41
Q

Musculoskeletal PE, observe

A

Gait for lameness, range of motion (ROM) of joints, palpate for muscle atrophy, palate for symmetry, listen for crepitus

42
Q

Spaying is for

Neutering is for

A

Spay, female

Neutered, male

VN2 Lec (17 decks)

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