2. diseases of trachea and bronchi in dogs and cats

Question 1

diseases of trachea

Answer 1

infectious tracheitis 
non infectious tracheitis
tracheal collapse 
tracheal hypoplasia 
parasites
other (trauma, neoplasm...)

Question 2

diseases of bronchi’

Answer 2

infectious bronchitis 
non infectious bronchitis 
canine chronic bronchitis 
bronchiectasis 
feline lower airway disease 
foreign body 
neoplasm

Question 3

infectious tracheitis

Answer 3

kennel cough complex( CAV, CPiV, B. br)
distemper 
dry hacking, paroxysmal cough 
antitussive: butorphanol 
AB - based on bal 
bronchodilators: theophylline

Question 4

tracheal collapse

Answer 4

stretching of dorsal membrane
stage 1-4 (25,50,75,90%)
chronic airway diseases contributes 
cough, goose honk
antitussive:butorphanol
prednisolone
bronchodilator: theophylline

Question 5

tracheal hypoplasia

Answer 5

congenital, young bulldog, Boston
dyspnea, cough
x ray (nb! tracheal edema look similar)
treat brachycephaly airway syndrome, bronchopneumonia

Question 6

tracheal parasites

Answer 6

filaroides

chronic dyspnoe, cough, inspiratory wheeze

Question 7

diseases of bronchi

Answer 7

broncitis - infectious, non infectious 
canine chronic bronchitis 
bronchiectasia 
feline lower airway disease 
foreign body 
neoplasia

Question 8

infectious bronchitis

Answer 8

CIRDC- canine infectious respiratory disease complex (CDV, CIV, CHV, CCoV
kennel cough complex ( CAV, CPIV, b.Br) 
FHV in cat 
parasites 
fungi

Question 9

non infectious bronchitis

Answer 9

canine chronic bronchitis
feline asthma
aspiration

Question 10

canine chronic bronchitis what is it

Answer 10

daily cough for more than 2 months
predisposed: overweight
NB! exclude CHF!!

Question 11

ccb symptoms, diagnosis

Answer 11

inspiratory crackle, expiratory wheeze
xray: doughnuts, caudal displaced lung lobe, right cardiomegaly
bronchoscopy: inflamed Mm, secretions
BAL: +/- bac, neutrophils, mucous

Question 12

ccb treatment

Answer 12

control disease, can't cure 
GCC- prednisolone
bronchodilator: theophylline, terbutaline 
AB if bal + 
NO ANTITUSSIVE!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Question 13

bronchiectasis what is it

Answer 13

irreversible dilatation of large airways, accumulation of secretion
histopathological reaction to long inflammation/irritation

Question 14

bronchiectasis clinical signs, diagnosis

Answer 14

chronic productive cough, frequent pneumonia, loud bronchial sounds, hemoptysis
xray, bronchoscopy, ct

Question 15

bronchiectasis treatment

Answer 15

AB if bac
bronchodilator
NO ANTITUSSIVE!!!!
lobectomy?

Question 16

feline lower airway disease what

Answer 16

asthma or chronic bronchitis

persistant inflammatory cells, cytokine release, bronchial hyperreactivity, tissue remodeling

Question 17

feline lower airway disease symptoms

Answer 17

dry, hacking cough

open mouth breathing, dyspnea, pulmonary emphysema, airless medial lobe

Question 18

feline lower airway disease diagnosis

Answer 18

auscultation: harsh lung sounds, crackle, expiratory wheeze
blood: eosinophilia +/-
faecal: look for parasite
x ray: different lung patterns, periobronchal cuffing, pulmonary emphysema
bronchoscopy: BAL (asthma eosinophilia) (CB neutrophilia)

Question 19

feline lower urinary tract disease treatment

Answer 19

gcc: inhaled fluticasone, pred
bronchodil: terbutaline