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Anatomy I EXAM 2 DDS UMKC > 2: Diaphragm & Pleurae > Flashcards

2: Diaphragm & Pleurae Flashcards

1
Q

Most important skeletal muscle in respiration

A

Diaphragm

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2
Q

Thoracic cavity is divide by the sternal angle

A

Imaginary line from sternal angle to T4

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3
Q

Superior mediastinum bounded anterior/posteriorly

A

Anterior: manubrium
Posteriorly: vertebral bodies of T1-4

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4
Q

Anterior mediastinum

A

Space between pericardium and stern on

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5
Q

Middle mediastinum

A

Heart and pericardium

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6
Q

Posterior mediastinum

A

Between pericardium and vertebral column

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7
Q

Right crura arise from

A

L1-3/4

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8
Q

Left crura arise from

A

L1-2/3

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9
Q

Which crura is longer

A

Right

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10
Q

What unites the right and left crura to

A

Median arcuate ligament

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11
Q

The Median arcuate ligament forms the

A

Aortic Haitus

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12
Q

Thickening of fascia of psoas major

A

Medial arcuate ligament

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13
Q

Thickening of fascia over quadratics lumborum

A

Lateral arcuate ligament

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14
Q

Diaphragmatic aperatures (openings) in diiaphragm

A

I ATE TEN EGGS AT NOON
Inferior vena cava at T8
Esophogus at T10
Thoracic aorta at T12

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15
Q

Somatic motor innervation of diaphragm

A

Phrenic nerve C3-5

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16
Q

Other than somatic motor, the phrenic also carries

A

Sensory information, pain and propioception

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17
Q

Peripheral parts of diaphragm receive sensory innervation from

A

Lower intercostal nerves

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18
Q

Action of Diaphragm during inhalation and exhalation

A

Inhale: contracts, moves downward
Exhale: relaxes, moved upwards

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19
Q

Blood supply of the superior surface of diaphragm

A
  1. Musculophrenic (branch of ITA)
  2. Pericardiophrenic (branch of ITA)
  3. Superior phrenic (branch of thoraic aorta)
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20
Q

Blood supply of the inferior surface of diaphragm

A

Inferior phrenic (branch of abdominal aorta)

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21
Q

Musculophrenic and percarrdiphrenic are branch’s of

A

Internal thoracic artery

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22
Q

Superior phrenic is branch of

A

Thoracic artery

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23
Q

Inferior phrenic is branch of

A

Abdominal aorta

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24
Q

Venous supply of the superior surface of diaphragm

A
  1. Musculophrenic to the ITV
  2. Pericardiacophrenic to the ITV
  3. Superior phrenic to the IVC
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25
Venous supply of the inferior surface of diaphragm
1. Inferior phrenic to the IVC
26
Which layer of pleura adheres to the lungs
Visceral
27
Which pleura lines the thoracic cavity
Parietal
28
Subcategories of parietal pleural and what is the clinical importance
Mediastinal, cervical, costal, diaphragmatic | -each are innervated differently so pain can be associated with certain locations
29
What is endothoracic fascia food and it clinical importance
1. Good planar section for surgery, open up easily | 2. Fascia between parietal layer and the bony/muscular layer of chest
30
What are pleural reflections
Indicating abrupt change in direction of the parietal pleura as it passes from one wall of the pulmonary to another -every time yo change direction in the parietal pleura its called a reflection
31
When the lungs dont fill all of the pleural cavity what is that called
Pleural recess
32
Pleural recess are occupied by the lungs only
On forced/deep inspirations
33
Two pleural recesses
Costadiaphragmatic | Costomediastinal
34
Clinical revelance of costodiaphragmatic pleura recess
Perform thoracentesis: go above rib to avoid VAN and insert needle in this recess to avoid lung puncture
35
Approximately which rib should you perform a thoracentesis
Rib 8
36
What is a pleural effusion
Fluid in the lungs
37
What is empyema
Pus in the pleural space
38
What is hemothorax
Blood in the pleural space
39
Pneumothorax
Air in the pleural space
40
Visceral pleura receives arterial supply from
Branches of the bronchial and pulmonary arteries
41
venous drainage of Visceral pleura
Drain azygos/hemiazygos veins | Some to the pulmonary veins
42
Bronchial arterial arise from
Thoracic aorta
43
How many bronchial arteries
1-2 for each lung
44
Bronchial arteries supply oxygenated blood to
The non respiratory tissues of the lung and visceral pleura
45
Bronchial arteries anastomoses with
Pulmonary arteries via the capillaries
46
About how much blood does the bronchial veins drain in to the pulmonary veins verse the central venous system
87% to pulmonary and about 13 to the venous circuit
47
Affect of bronchial veins pouring deoxygenated blood into the pulmonary veins of oxygenated blood
Desaturation is only about 1% not a significant difference blood is so oxygenated
48
What is the cupula
Basically like the apex of the lung, where the cervical pleura is and sticks out above your first rib. In the superior thoracic aperture essentially
49
Cervical parietal pleura is supplied by
Intercostal vessels (anterior ) - branches of ITA
50
Costal parietal pleura is supplied by
Intercostal vessel (2-6 anterior, 7-10 musculophrenic) - branches of ITA
51
Periphery of Diaphragmatic parietal pleura is supplied by
Intercostal vessels (guess musculophrenic/pericardiacophrenic) - branches of ITA
52
Central tendon of diaphragmatic parietal pleura is supplied by
Pericardiacophrenic vessels - branch of ITA
53
Mediastinal parietal pleura is supplied by
Pericardiacophrenic vessels - branch of ITA
54
Venous drainage of cervical pleura
Intercostal veins - ITA to SVC
55
Venous drainage of costal pleura
Intercostal veins to ITA to SVC
56
Venous drainage of peripheral diaphragmatic pleura
Intercostals veins to ITA to SVC
57
Venous drainage of central tendon diaphragmatic pleura
Pericardiacophrenic vein to ITA to SVC
58
Innervation of visceral pleura
None
59
Innvervation of cervical pleura
Intercostal nerves
60
Innvervation of costal pleura
Intercostal nerves
61
Innvervation of peripheral diaphragmatic pleura
Intercostal nerve
62
Innvervation of central tendon diaphragmatic pleura
Phrenic nerve
63
Innvervation of mediastinal pleura
Phrenic nerve

Anatomy I EXAM 2 DDS UMKC (6 decks)

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