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Anatomy I EXAM 2 DDS UMKC > 2: Diaphragm & Pleurae > Flashcards

2: Diaphragm & Pleurae Flashcards

1
Q

Most important skeletal muscle in respiration

A

Diaphragm

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2
Q

Thoracic cavity is divide by the sternal angle

A

Imaginary line from sternal angle to T4

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3
Q

Superior mediastinum bounded anterior/posteriorly

A

Anterior: manubrium
Posteriorly: vertebral bodies of T1-4

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4
Q

Anterior mediastinum

A

Space between pericardium and stern on

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5
Q

Middle mediastinum

A

Heart and pericardium

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6
Q

Posterior mediastinum

A

Between pericardium and vertebral column

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7
Q

Right crura arise from

A

L1-3/4

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8
Q

Left crura arise from

A

L1-2/3

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9
Q

Which crura is longer

A

Right

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10
Q

What unites the right and left crura to

A

Median arcuate ligament

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11
Q

The Median arcuate ligament forms the

A

Aortic Haitus

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12
Q

Thickening of fascia of psoas major

A

Medial arcuate ligament

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13
Q

Thickening of fascia over quadratics lumborum

A

Lateral arcuate ligament

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14
Q

Diaphragmatic aperatures (openings) in diiaphragm

A

I ATE TEN EGGS AT NOON
Inferior vena cava at T8
Esophogus at T10
Thoracic aorta at T12

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15
Q

Somatic motor innervation of diaphragm

A

Phrenic nerve C3-5

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16
Q

Other than somatic motor, the phrenic also carries

A

Sensory information, pain and propioception

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17
Q

Peripheral parts of diaphragm receive sensory innervation from

A

Lower intercostal nerves

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18
Q

Action of Diaphragm during inhalation and exhalation

A

Inhale: contracts, moves downward
Exhale: relaxes, moved upwards

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19
Q

Blood supply of the superior surface of diaphragm

A
  1. Musculophrenic (branch of ITA)
  2. Pericardiophrenic (branch of ITA)
  3. Superior phrenic (branch of thoraic aorta)
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20
Q

Blood supply of the inferior surface of diaphragm

A

Inferior phrenic (branch of abdominal aorta)

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21
Q

Musculophrenic and percarrdiphrenic are branch’s of

A

Internal thoracic artery

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22
Q

Superior phrenic is branch of

A

Thoracic artery

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23
Q

Inferior phrenic is branch of

A

Abdominal aorta

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24
Q

Venous supply of the superior surface of diaphragm

A
  1. Musculophrenic to the ITV
  2. Pericardiacophrenic to the ITV
  3. Superior phrenic to the IVC
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25
Q

Venous supply of the inferior surface of diaphragm

A
  1. Inferior phrenic to the IVC
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26
Q

Which layer of pleura adheres to the lungs

A

Visceral

27
Q

Which pleura lines the thoracic cavity

A

Parietal

28
Q

Subcategories of parietal pleural and what is the clinical importance

A

Mediastinal, cervical, costal, diaphragmatic

-each are innervated differently so pain can be associated with certain locations

29
Q

What is endothoracic fascia food and it clinical importance

A
  1. Good planar section for surgery, open up easily

2. Fascia between parietal layer and the bony/muscular layer of chest

30
Q

What are pleural reflections

A

Indicating abrupt change in direction of the parietal pleura as it passes from one wall of the pulmonary to another

-every time yo change direction in the parietal pleura its called a reflection

31
Q

When the lungs dont fill all of the pleural cavity what is that called

A

Pleural recess

32
Q

Pleural recess are occupied by the lungs only

A

On forced/deep inspirations

33
Q

Two pleural recesses

A

Costadiaphragmatic

Costomediastinal

34
Q

Clinical revelance of costodiaphragmatic pleura recess

A

Perform thoracentesis: go above rib to avoid VAN and insert needle in this recess to avoid lung puncture

35
Q

Approximately which rib should you perform a thoracentesis

A

Rib 8

36
Q

What is a pleural effusion

A

Fluid in the lungs

37
Q

What is empyema

A

Pus in the pleural space

38
Q

What is hemothorax

A

Blood in the pleural space

39
Q

Pneumothorax

A

Air in the pleural space

40
Q

Visceral pleura receives arterial supply from

A

Branches of the bronchial and pulmonary arteries

41
Q

venous drainage of Visceral pleura

A

Drain azygos/hemiazygos veins

Some to the pulmonary veins

42
Q

Bronchial arterial arise from

A

Thoracic aorta

43
Q

How many bronchial arteries

A

1-2 for each lung

44
Q

Bronchial arteries supply oxygenated blood to

A

The non respiratory tissues of the lung and visceral pleura

45
Q

Bronchial arteries anastomoses with

A

Pulmonary arteries via the capillaries

46
Q

About how much blood does the bronchial veins drain in to the pulmonary veins verse the central venous system

A

87% to pulmonary and about 13 to the venous circuit

47
Q

Affect of bronchial veins pouring deoxygenated blood into the pulmonary veins of oxygenated blood

A

Desaturation is only about 1% not a significant difference blood is so oxygenated

48
Q

What is the cupula

A

Basically like the apex of the lung, where the cervical pleura is and sticks out above your first rib. In the superior thoracic aperture essentially

49
Q

Cervical parietal pleura is supplied by

A

Intercostal vessels (anterior ) - branches of ITA

50
Q

Costal parietal pleura is supplied by

A

Intercostal vessel (2-6 anterior, 7-10 musculophrenic) - branches of ITA

51
Q

Periphery of Diaphragmatic parietal pleura is supplied by

A

Intercostal vessels (guess musculophrenic/pericardiacophrenic) - branches of ITA

52
Q

Central tendon of diaphragmatic parietal pleura is supplied by

A

Pericardiacophrenic vessels - branch of ITA

53
Q

Mediastinal parietal pleura is supplied by

A

Pericardiacophrenic vessels - branch of ITA

54
Q

Venous drainage of cervical pleura

A

Intercostal veins - ITA to SVC

55
Q

Venous drainage of costal pleura

A

Intercostal veins to ITA to SVC

56
Q

Venous drainage of peripheral diaphragmatic pleura

A

Intercostals veins to ITA to SVC

57
Q

Venous drainage of central tendon diaphragmatic pleura

A

Pericardiacophrenic vein to ITA to SVC

58
Q

Innervation of visceral pleura

A

None

59
Q

Innvervation of cervical pleura

A

Intercostal nerves

60
Q

Innvervation of costal pleura

A

Intercostal nerves

61
Q

Innvervation of peripheral diaphragmatic pleura

A

Intercostal nerve

62
Q

Innvervation of central tendon diaphragmatic pleura

A

Phrenic nerve

63
Q

Innvervation of mediastinal pleura

A

Phrenic nerve

Anatomy I EXAM 2 DDS UMKC (6 decks)

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