2) Biopsychology - Localisation

Question 1

What is Localisation of Function in terms of the brain?

Answer 1

The theory that different areas of the brain are responsible for different behaviours/processes/activities.

Question 2

What is the motor area of the brain responsible for?

Answer 2

Voluntary movement

Question 3

Where is the motor area of the brain?

Answer 3

Back of the frontal lobe

Question 4

Where is the somatosensory area?

Answer 4

Front of both parietal lobe

Question 5

What is the somatosensory area responsible for?

Answer 5

Processes sensory info such as touch

Question 6

Where is the visual area?

Answer 6

In the occipital lobe

Question 7

What is the visual area responsible for?

Answer 7

Receives and processes visual information

Question 8

Where is the auditory area?

Answer 8

In temporal lobe

Question 9

What is the function of the auditory area?

Answer 9

The analysis of speech bases information

Question 10

Where is Broca’s area?

Answer 10

In an area of the frontal lobe of the left hemisphere

Question 11

What is Broca’s area responsible for?

Answer 11

Speech production

Question 12

Where is Wernicke’s area?

Answer 12

In an area of the temporal lobe of the left hemisphere

Question 13

What is Wernicke’s area responsible for?

Answer 13

Language comprehension

Question 14

Which areas are the language centres?

Answer 14

Broca’s and Wernicke’s area

Question 15

Which hemis[here of the brain is associated with language?

Answer 15

Left hemisphere

Question 16

What does damage to Broca’s Area cause?

Answer 16

• Broca’s Aphasia: Slow, damaged speech

Question 17

What did “Tan” suffer from?

Answer 17

Broca’s Aphasia - Could only say the word “Tan”

Question 18

What is Wernicke’s Aphasia?

Answer 18

Damage to Wernicke’s area which causes the production of nonsense words

Question 19

What is Wernicke’s Aphasia?

Answer 19

• Damage to Wernicke’s area

- Causes the production of nonsense words

Question 20

Give a strength, relating to brain scans, for localisation of function

Answer 20

P - There is brain scan evidence for localisation of function.
E - Peterson used a brain scan to demonstrate how Broca’s area was used for a reading task but Wernicke’s area was used for a listening task.
E - This suggests that these areas have different functions.

Question 21

Give a strength, in relation to neurosurgical evidence, for localisation of function

Answer 21

P - There is neurosurgical evidence supporting localisation of function.
E - Dougherty reported on 44 people with OCD who had surgery to lessen their symptoms.
E - A third met the criteria for a successful response to the surgery and 14% showed a partial response.
L - This strongly suggests that that symptoms/behaviours associated with mental disorders are localised.