2 anterior thigh

Question 1

Course of greater saphenous vein

Answer 1

Dorsal venous arch–>great saphenous vein in anterior to medial malleolus–> posterior to patella –> anteromedial thigh– saphenous opening–> femoral vein

Question 2

Scream when doing vein transfusion at great saphenous vein, why

Answer 2

saphenous nerve
accompany saphenous vein
scream when doing transfusion

Question 3

Longest vein in the body

Answer 3

Great saphenous nerve

Question 4

Varicose vein in medial side of leg

Answer 4

Incompetent valve of the great saphenous vein –> accumulation of blood in vein–> varicose vein

Question 5

Iliotibial tract
 (what and where does it attach to)

Answer 5

thickening of the lateral aspect
 of fascia lata, insert on the upper 
lateral aspect of the tibia 
(Gerdy’s tubercle) after 
crossing the knee joint


Question 6

Saphenous opening:

Answer 6

an opening of the fascia lata
 slightly below femoral triangle, where great saphenous vein drain into the femoral vein

Question 7

Function of fascia lata

Answer 7

deep fascia of the thigh
wrap muscles to keep muscles if place during contraction/relaxation
so that when muscle contract, it presses on the veins and aid venous return

Question 8

Deep fascia name when at thigh and leg

Answer 8

fascia lata –> crural fascia

Question 9

Superficial inguinal lymph node

Answer 9

drain the afferent lymph vessel from thigh, leg, foot, penis, scrotum, anus, perineum, vulva, buttock,

form a chain immediately below the inguinal ligament and lies along the great saphenous vein
enlarged when in syphilis, vulva cancer, gonorhea, herpes, infected wounds

Question 10

Muscles in the anterior compartment of the thigh

Answer 10

mainly extension
quadriceps femoris (rectus femoris aids hip flex, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius)
Sartorius (ASIS–>inferomedial to tibial tuberosity)
Iliopsoas for flexion and stabilization of hip joint (iliac fossa/trasnverse process, intervertebral disc T12-L5 –>lesser trochanter)
pectineus: (superior pubic ramus –> lesser trochanter)
obturator externus: lateral rotation of thigh

Question 11

What is inside the femoral canal

Answer 11

lymph nodes

Question 12

what is within the femoral sheath

Answer 12

femoral artery –> femoral vein –> femoral canal
they are separated from each other by 2 septums
femoral nerve is not within the sheath

Question 13

where can we find femoral nerve

Answer 13

on the surface of iliopsoas muscle

Question 14

Femoral hernia

Answer 14

below the inguinal ligament
inguinal canal medial is the lacunar ligament
herniation through the inguinal canal out of the saphenous opening

Question 15

Femoral triangle (important and boundaries)

Answer 15

Femoral triangle

importance: where structures go between the pelvis and the thigh
lateral: satorius (ASIS –> superior medial surface of tibia)
medial: adductor longus (medial compartment)
superior: inguinal ligament
floor: iliopsoas and pectinus
roof: fascia lata

Question 16

where does femoral vein/artery drain into

Answer 16

external iliac vein/artery

Question 17

NAVEL

Answer 17

lateral to medial
Nerve –> femoral artery (at inguinal midpoint inferior to ligamnet) –> femoral vein –> lymph nodes in the femoral canal

Question 18

Test for femoral nerve

Answer 18

knee jerk reflex
hit patella ligament
quadriceps would normally contract to extend the knee joint
innervated by femoral nerve

Question 19

Achilles tendon reflex test for which nerve

Answer 19

Sciatic nerve S1-2 ((plantarflexion)

Question 20

Patella tendon reflex test for which nerve

Answer 20

femoral nerve L2-4 (knee extension)

Question 21

Adductor canal and its content

Answer 21

between satorius and adductor longus

femoral artery and vein, saphenous nerve (from femoral nerve), nerve to the vastus medialis,

Question 22

Adductor hiatus

Answer 22

when the femoral artery/vein comes out of the adductor canal, it travels on the adductor magnus until it reaches the adductor hiatus, and goes through the hole to the back where they become popliteal artery/vein

Question 23

Medial compartment of the thigh

Answer 23

movement: adduction of the thigh
innervation: obturator nerve (L2-4)
Attachment: pubic ramus Insertion: linea aspera
adductor longus (superior pubic ramus –> middle 1/3 linea aspera)
adductor brevis (inferior pubic ramus –> upper 1/3 ilnea aspera + posterior proximal femur)
adductor magnus (inferior pubic ramus –>adducotr tubercle of femur + linea aspera)
Gracilis (ipr –> medial proximal tibia)
pectineus: (superior pubic ramus –> lesser trochanter)
obturator externus: lateral rotation of thigh

Question 24

Lateral circumflex femoral artery from ?

Answer 24

deep artery of the thigh

Question 25

medial circumflex femoral artery from ? artery | it runs along ?

Answer 25

deep artery of the thigh or directly from femoral artery | deep to sartorius and rectus femoris

Question 26

Symptoms appearing along the great saphenous vein

Answer 26

``` varicose vein (incompetent valves) enlarged lymph nodes ```

Question 27

Small saphenous vein

Answer 27

originates from the lateral side of the dorsal venous arch over the metatarsals--> posterior to the lateral malleolus--> posterior leg--> popliteal vein --> femoral vein

Question 28

general movement of anterior compartment of thigh

Answer 28

flex hip, extend knee

Question 29

Iliopsoas muscle

Answer 29

Movement: flex hip, stabilize hip, postural muscle Femoral nerve L1,2,3 ilacus from iliac fossa, crest, sacrum ala --> lesser trochanter psoas major from lumbar transverse process, intervetebral disc --> lesser trochanter

Question 30

Pectineus

Answer 30

Femoral nerve L2,3 superior pubic ramus --> inferior to lesser trochanter Adduct, medial rotation, flex thigh

Question 31

Sartorius (tailor)

Answer 31

cross leg when sitting flex thigh, abduction, laterally rotate hip flex knee ASIS --> superior medial surface of tibia

Question 32

what is wrapping femoral vessels

Answer 32

femoral sheath | funnel shaped continuation of transversalis fascia and iliac fascia

Question 33

Partial occlusion of common iliac or external iliac artery

Answer 33

diminish femoral pulse | which is palpated inferior to the inguinal midpoint

Question 34

Femoral hernia is more common in male/female because ? | Strangulation of the intestine leads to

Answer 34

female because the femoral canal in women is wider due to pelvis shape neucrosis