2 - ANS Intro (Barker) Flashcards
Contrast organization and neuron types in the ANS.
sympathetic:
short preganglionic –> ACH–> nictinic R –> long postganglionic –> NE –> adrenergic R
parasympathetic:
long preganglionic –> ACH –> nicotinic R –> short postganglionic –> ACH –> muscarinic R
What are the major neurotransmitters in the ANS?
symp: ACH, NE
parasymp: ACH, ACH
What are some other ways to say “adrenergic?”
mimics NE
sympathomimetic (if agonist, -lytic if antagonist)
What are some other ways to say “cholinergic?”
mimics ACh
parasympathomimetic (if agonist, -lytic if antagonist)
What are the two types of cholinergic receptors?
nicotinic and muscarinic
Describe the structure and signal transduction of nicotinic receptors.
ligand-gated ion channels
allows Na to flow IC
depolarize membrane
if reach threshold then action potential
Describe the structure and muscarinic receptors.
GPCRs
M1, M3, M5 (glands, SM):
Gq –> PLC –> Ca2+ and PKC
Describe the structure, distribution, and signal transduction of M1, M3, M5 muscarinic receptors.
GPCRs
M1, M3, M5 (glands, SM):
Gq –> PLC –> cleave PIP 2 into IP3 and DAG
IP3 –> Ca2+ –> CaM –> CaM-E*
DAG–> PKC –> S-P
Describe the structure, tissue distribution, and signal transduction of M2 muscarinic receptors.
GPCR
heart
ACh released into synapse
Galphai –> decr AC –> decr cAMP –> decr PKA –> decr Ca2+ (plasma membrane) act
Gbetagamma –> incr activation of K+ channel –> hyperpolarization –> decr’d HR
Describe the strucure and signal transduction of alpha1 adrenergic receptors.
GPCR
Gq –> PLC –> IP3 and DAG
IP3–>Ca2+ –> CaM-E
DAG–>PKC
Describe the structure and signal transduction of alpha2 adrenergic receptors.
GPCR
Gi
alphai –> decr AC –> decr cAMP –> decr PKA
Describe the structure and signal transduction of beta adrenergic receptors.
GPCR
Gs
alphas –> incr AC –> incr cAMP –incr PKA
What are the ANS receptors and responses on the heart?
contraction rate/force
symp: incr B1/B2
parasymp: decr M2
What are the ANS receptors and responses on the arteries?
symp: vasoconstrict a1
What are the ANS receptors and responses on the arteries?
symp: vasoconstrict a1
parasymp: n/a
What are the ANS receptors and responses on vascular in the skeletal muscle?
symp: dilate beta 2
parasym: n/a
What are the ANS receptors and responses on the vasculature endothelium?
symp: n/a
parasym: release EDRF M3
What are the ANS receptors and responses on the lungs?
bronchiolar SM
symp: bronchodilate, B2
parasymp: bronchoconstrict M2,3
What are the ANS receptors and responses on the pregnant uterus?
symp: relax B2
parasymp: variable
What are the ANS receptors and responses on the salivary glands?
symp: incr secr a1
parasymp: incr secr M3
What are the ANS receptors and responses on the smooth muscle walls?
symp: relax a2, B2
parasymp: constrict M2,3
What are the ANS receptors and responses on the SM sphincters?
symp: contr B1
parasymp: relax M2,3
What are the ANS receptors and responses on GI secr?
symp: inhib secr a2
parasymp: incr secr M2,3
What are the ANS receptors and responses on the smooth muscle of the hair follicle?
symp: contr, piloerection a1
parasymp: –
What are the ANS receptors and responses on the sweat glands?
parasymp:—
symp:
thermoreg incr secr M3
aprocrine (stress) incr secr a1
What are the ANS receptors and responses on the radial muscle of the iris?
symp: contr a1
para: n/a
- -> dilation –> mydriasis
What are the ANS receptors and responses on the circular muscle of the iris ?
symp: n/a
parasymp: contr M3 –> miosis
What are the ANS receptors and responses on the ciliary muscle of the eye?
symp: [relax B2]
para: contr M3
What are the ANS receptors and responses on the ciliary epithelium?
symp: incr aq humor B2
para: n/a
What are the ANS receptors and responses on the kidney?
symp: incr renin secr B1
para: n/a
Contrast symp and parasymp control of the eye w emphasis on pupillary size.
symp: a1 activation of radial iris muscle –> miadryasis
parasymp: m3 activation of circular iris muscle –> miosis
Contrast symp and parasymp control of the eye w emphasis on lens refractive power.
ciliary muscle has radial and circular components that can put pressure on the lens to change its shape
M3 –> contraction
[beta2 –> relaxation]
Contrast symp and parasymp control of the eye w emphasis on lens aqueous humor production.
B2–> incr secr of aq humor
para n/a
An M3 agonist will cause __ of the pupil d/t contraction of ___ muscles. An antagonist?
miosis
circular
myadriasis
An alpha1 agonist will cause __ of the pupil d/t contraction of ___ muscles. An antagonist?
myadriasis
miosis
