2-5 (10/19) Development 2 Flashcards
Traits are set and established in early childhood.
Early views on Developmental Psychology
Early Views. Theory of personality development. Personality set by the age of 6.
Freud
Early views. Cognitive development. Peak stage is puberty
Piaget
A period of transition from childhood to adulthood
Adolescence
13-20yrs. Begins with a biological event: puberty. End point: independence from parents.
Adolescence
_____ views on DP aren’t accepted anymore
Early
Human development is a lifelong process
Current views on development
Lifelong proces, infancy and childhood are influential, but it continues throughout life.
Development
Changed historically. WWs: adolescents are competent and responsible. Ended age 16
Views on adolescence
Changed historically. 1890, 1930, now, economic downturn. incompetent and immature. ends 20+
Views on adolescence
Mark transition into adolescence
Rites of initiation
Boys beaten with clubs, circumsized, isolated for three months/girls menstruate for the first time, they are painted red and isolated for four days`
Rites of initiation: African Thongas/ Native Americans
Sex Talk, Bat Mitzvah and Bar Mitzvah, Quince, Confirmation
Rites of initiation in the US
Marked by a cognitive growth spurt
Adolescence
How people solve moral dilemmas. Person/idea
Piaget: moral reasoning
Ultimate stage of development is the formal operational state. We develop the ability for
Abstract thought. Piaget.
Before – we take rules literally, during/after, we think of rules more flexibly, as long as the motive is justified
Abstract thought
Stages of Moral Thought-adolescense is a rich time for moral development. Heinz and the drugist
Kohlberg
Stage of Moral Thought. 0-9yrs. Morally focused on self interest. Moral dilemmas are resolved in ways that satisfy needs, avoid punishment, and obtain awards.
Pre-Conventional
Stage of Moral Thought. 9-FO. Caring for others, upholding laws, social norms. Act is moral if it meets social approval or upholds social order.
Conventional
Stage of Moral Thought. After the Formal Operational stage of CD. Not everyone enters this stage. Morale is focused on people’s rights and self-defined social principals. Abstract principals of equality, justice, and value of life.
Post-Conventional
Kohlberg Stages of MT. Criticism. Only people in well educated, middle class urban societies exhibit post-conventional thought. More desirable in some societies.
Culturally Bias
Kohlberg stages of MT. Criticism. Females are less likely than males to exhibit post-conventional because women are more concerned with compassion rather than abstract thought.
Gender Bias
Adolescence: Social Development. Psychologist.
Erik Erikson
Erik Erikson. Most important task for adolescents. Active process.
Form an identity
Erik Erikson. Many adolescents struggle to establish an identity, s they try out many different ways of being.
Identity crisis
Tension, disengagement, then transformation
Identity crisis
Parents relationship gets better, but reliance of parents is less
Erik Erikson/ado/identity
Ado Mental Health. Youth and adolescents are heated by nature as an alcoholic is heated by wine.
Aristotle
Ado Mental Health. Inclined to contradict parents and tyrannize teachers
Socrates
Ado Mental Health. Storm and Stress.
G. Stanley Hall
Ado Mental Health: two claims. Conflict with parents, risk taking behavior
Truth to adolescent Mental Health
Deterioration of memory shows, but it isn’t a necessary part of cognition
Aging and Mem.
Aging and Mem. Fill in the blank - declines as you grow older
Recall
Aging and Mem. Multiple choice. Minimal age decline
Recognition
Neuro-Cognitive basis of forgetting. As people get older, eyesight and hearing decreases
Sensory acuity
Neuro-Cognitive basis of forgetting. Process and react info more slowly over time
Neural speed
Ability to reason quickly and abstractly, solve problems of logic, and ability to mentally and gradually orient objects in space. Decreases slowly until 75, then rapid decline
Fluid intlligence
Accumulated factual knowledge, skill, and expertise. Ability to add and subtract mentally. Increases until old age.
Crystallized inteligence
Adult Soc. Devel. Erik Erikson. Following a successful formation of an identity in ado, YA desire to connect intimately with others
Intimacy
Adult Soc. Devel. Erik Erikson. Enter into ado, desire to contribute to the welfare and well being of the next genreration
Generativity
Adult Social Development. Erik Erikson. Desire to feel overall that life has been worthwile.
Integrity
75-80% of adults say that they are satisfied with their life.
Life satisfaction
