Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

UWORLD first pass- week 4 > 2/21 UWORLD test # 20 > Flashcards

2/21 UWORLD test # 20 Flashcards

1
Q

Q 1. There are 5 gastric layers. In which layer does parietal cells locate? What about chief cell?

  • epithelium
  • glands
  • deeper glands
  • muscularis mucosa
  • submucosa
A
  • parietal cell

- chief cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Q 2. What age population does polymyalgia rheumatica happen? What are symptoms? labs?
vs. fibromyalgia

A
  • polymyalgia rheumatica

- fibromyalgia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Q 3. Describe cross over study. washout period?

A

-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Q 4. Cavernous hemangioma: what are two subtypes? What is increased risk?
(Hint: FA 368)

A

-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Q 5. What hormones use cAMP as a second messenger system? what about IP3?
(FA 316)

A
  • cAMP

- IP3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Q 5. Growth hormone receptor uses what signaling pathway?

A

-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Q 5. Insulin binds to what receptor type? it uses what signaling pathway?

A

-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Q 6. Pathophysiology of Henoch-Schonlein purpura? treatment?

A

-

-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Q 7. Describe how mucosal immunity is developed

  • Which cell serves as antigen presenting cell
  • Antigen is presented to what cell, where is this cell located?
  • Which antibody is primarily produced? where does it travel to?
A

M cell- Macrophage: works as APC. It picks up antigen and present to B cells

B cell- meet antigen and undergoes activation at germinal center of peyer’s patch. Activated B cell becomes IgA secreting plasma cell.

IgA secreting plasma cell secretes IgA into gut lumen, where it serves to protect mucosa

IgA is PRIMARILY involved in mucosal immunity. This is the main humoral response after vaccine. (While live-attenuated vaccine responds more significantly than killed vaccine)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Q 7. Explain why selective IgA deficiency is usually asymptomatic

A

-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Q 8. List two reactions that utilize B12 as a cofactor. Deficiency of B12 can result in accumulation of what metabolites?

A

-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Q 8. Phenotypes of B12 deficiency (2)?

A

-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Q 8. B9 vs. B12

  • Both can cause what?
  • Deficiency of which is more common? why?
A

-

-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Q 9. Impaired tubular bicarbonate reabsorption may lead to what type of acidosis?
(Hint: think mnemonics)

A

-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Q 9. Describe how Von Gierke disease can cause lactic acidosis

A

-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Q 9. How aspiration pneumonia causes lactic acidosis? What type of acidosis is it?

A

-

-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Q 10. List two most susceptible locations (depending on supine vs. upright) of aspiration pneumonia

A

-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Q 10. What bacteria are dominant organisms that grown on aspiration pneumonia?

A

-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Q 11. Describe how obstructive sleep apnea causes pulmonary hypertension? What about systemic hypertension?

A
  • pulmonary HTN

- systemic HTN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Q 11. Difference between ventricular hypertrophy vs. hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?

A

-

21
Q

Q 12. What is normal age that kids understand gender. Until what age do kids normally explore activities associated with opposite gender?

A

-

22
Q

Q 13. QRS in ECG corresponds to what phase of ventricular myocyte action potential? which ion channel?

A

-

23
Q

Q 13. QT interval in ECG correspond to duration of what phase of ventricular myocyte action potential? which ion channel?

A

-

24
Q

Q 15. How beta blocker affect the level of renin? through what mechanism?

A

-

25
Q

3 possible ways to stimulate renin release?

FA 540

A

-

26
Q

Q 17. Gaucher disease: Which enzyme is deficient and what metabolite accumulates?

A

-

27
Q

Q 22. What are three possible ways of transmission for HepB and HepD?

A

-

28
Q

Q 22. What are two ways of transmission for HepA and HepE?

A

-

-

29
Q

Q 22. compare serum anti-HBsAg IgG VS. serum anti-HBc IgG

A

-

30
Q

Q 23. What is 99mTC-pertechnetate scan? What disease can it detect? why?

A

-

31
Q

Q 24. What is purified protein derivative test?

A

-

32
Q

Q 25. Two mechanism of action of digoxin. Explain how each mechanism can be used for different indication

A

-

-

33
Q

Q 25. Digoxin side effects (5)? What antidote can be used?

A 
-
-
-
-
-

-

34
Q

Q 26. Dyslipidemia in T2DM: how levels change?

  • VLDL
  • TG
  • HDL
A
  • VLDL: high
  • TG:
  • HDL:
35
Q

Q 26. Apart from lab findings (Hb1Ac, fasting glucose, glucose tolerance), what physical exam finding can be used as an important predictor for insulin resistance?

A

-

36
Q

Q 27. Ethics: patient with different language. What is doctor obligated to provide?

A

-

37
Q

Q 29. What hep virus causes fulminant hepatitis? What is special feature of this virus?

A

-

38
Q

Q 30. Diphenoxylate: Indication? what is mechanism of action? Name of another drug that act similar?

A

-

39
Q

Q 32. Initial resistance to passive extension followed by sudden release of resistance. What is this phenomenon called? What neuronal dysfunction is related with this?

A

-

40
Q

Q 34. Pathophysiology of endometrial hyperplasia/ adenocarcinoma in PCOS?

A

-

41
Q

Q 35. What are clinical features of glucagonoma?

Hint: 5D- FA 332

A 
-
-
-
-
-
42
Q

Q 35. List 5 manifestations of Zn deficiency

A 
-
-
-
-
-
43
Q

Q 36. PT/PTT in TTP (Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura)? why?

A

-

44
Q

Q 36. pathophysiology of sensory loss in TTP?

A

-

45
Q

Q 38. Describe renal dysfunction in multiple myeloma

  • pathophysiology
  • abnormality in urinalysis
A

-

46
Q

Q 38. In hypersensitivity interstitial nephritis, how would urine look?

A

-

47
Q

How Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia is distinguished from multiple myeloma?
(FA 401)

A

-

48
Q

Q 39. what medical conditions are commonly associated with nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis? (4)

A

-
-

49
Q

Q 39. Describe how scleroderma (systemic sclerosis) is associated with cardiac/pulmonary condition

A

-

UWORLD first pass- week 4 (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions