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UWORLD first pass- week 3 > 2/14 UWORLD test # 15 > Flashcards

2/14 UWORLD test # 15 Flashcards

1
Q

Q 1. Gastroesophageal junction tear seen endoscope. What is the most likely cause? What acid-base imbalance may be seen? why?

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2
Q

Q 1. Boerhaave syndrome:

  • clinical presentation
  • etiology
  • complication
  • treatment
A
  • clinical presentation:
  • etiology:
  • complication:
  • treatment:
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3
Q

Q 1. Mallory-Weiss syndrome:

  • clinical presentation:
  • etiology:
A
  • clinical presentation:

- etiology:

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4
Q

Q 2. Merkel diverticulum is abnormality of what embryological structure? What is abnormality?

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5
Q

Q 2. What is rule of 2s (5) of Merkel diverticulum?

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6
Q

Q 4. What are three stop codons? Which protein binds to it? What is its function?

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7
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Q 5. What is the most sensitive detective test for Group A strep?

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8
Q

Q 6. What is maneuver that increases murmur in aortic stenosis? mechanism?

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9
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Q 6. Handgrip will increase murmur of what conditions? (3) How will it affect aortic stenosis murmur? What about HCM?

A

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  • AS:
    Don’t think murmur as turbulence made by two opposing current. Murmur intensity is volume dependent

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10
Q

Q 7. SIADH: sodium and volume status? explain physiology

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11
Q

Q 7. What are clinical presentations (3) of SIADH? why?

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12
Q

Q 7. What is lung crackles sound? When is it heard? Lung crackles suggest what volume status?

A
  • Any conditions that may cause sticky alveoli: consolidation- pneumonia or pulmonary edema

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13
Q

Q 9. Describe how marijuana works

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14
Q

Q 9. Signs of marijuana intoxication (4: these signs are not explained by blocking of one single receptor)

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15
Q

Q 8. B1 deficiency on CNS effect- 1) what disease (not beriberi) 2) pathophysiology 3) symptoms

A

1.
2.
3.

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16
Q

Q 8. B1 is involved in what pathways? (4)

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17
Q

Q 8. B1 deficiency: Dry beriberi vs. Wet beriberi compare symptoms

A
  • Dry beriberi

- Wet beriberi

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18
Q

Q 8. How to diagnose B1 deficiency?

(It’s not just simply measuring B1 level, think about what enzyme uses TPP, thiamine pyrophosphate, as a cofactor)

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19
Q

Q 10. Skin findings in reactive arthritis?

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20
Q

Q 12. Explain pathophysiology of pulmonary HTN in left sided heart failure

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21
Q

Q 12. How pulmonary blood flow will be affected in left sided heart failure

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22
Q

Q 13. Describe malaria life cycle

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23
Q

Q 13. What malaria species have dormant form in liver? What is this called? What medication is used?

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24
Q

Q 13. What malaria species cause severe phenotype? What phenotype is it?

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25
Q

Q 13. What test needs to be performed before treating primaquine? why?

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26
Q

Q 14. Superficial inguinal ring is formed by opening of which structure?

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27
Q

Q 16. Cherry red spot on macula: what lysosomal storage disease is this? deficient enzyme? accumulated substance? inheritance pattern?

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  • deficient enzyme
  • accumulated substance
  • inheritance pattern
28
Q

Q 16. What are two lysosomal storage diseases that accumulate Heparan sulfate? What are distinguishing features (findings, deficient enzyme, and inheritance pattern)?

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29
Q

Q 16. Apart from Tay-Sachs disease, what are other two lysosomal storage disease that also may show cherry red spot on macula? What other presentations distinguish Tay-Sachs from these two diseases?

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30
Q

Q 18. Which antibody crosses placenta?

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31
Q

Q 18. Explain the mechanism of action of Anti-D antibody for prevention of Erythroblastosis Fetalis. When should it be given?

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32
Q

Q 19. Patella reflex is mediated by which nerve?

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33
Q

Q 20. What is Bloom disease? which gene is mutate? What this gene encodes? clinical presentations (4)?

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34
Q

Q 21. Which virus is transmitted by Aedes mosquito? Give specific examples (3) under this virus category.

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35
Q

Q 23. Dapsone is indicated for what two infections? What is major concern for this medication?

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36
Q

Q 24. Which lab test in urinalysis is specific for pyelonephritis?

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37
Q

Q 25. What are three functions of thyroid peroxidase?

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38
Q

Q 26. Adenomyosis is endometrial cell proliferation within myometrium. What macroscopic change of uterus you will see? (which will not be seen in endometriosis)

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39
Q

Q 26. Hyperplastic growth of tissue from endometrial surface: what is this?

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40
Q

Q 26. Greater increase in endometrial gland proliferation compared to stroma: what is this? what would this change menstrual bleeding?

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41
Q

Q 28. Name two malignancies associated with EBV

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42
Q

Q 29. What is Fenoldopam? Indication? mechanism of action?

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43
Q

Q 29. Can Hydralazine be used for hypertensive crisis? why or why not?

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44
Q

Q 32. What is substance P? How capsicin is associated with it?

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45
Q

Q 34. What is definition of myxomatous change?

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46
Q

Q 34. What is false aneurysm?

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47
Q

Q 34. Which layer or layers of blood vessel teared in aneurysm? Which disease is commonly associated with it? Which gene & protein product are mutated? which chromosome?

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48
Q

Q 35. What is pathophysiology of anemia in SLE?

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49
Q

Q 35. Describe different pathophysiology of SLE complications: hematologic vs. nephrologic

A

Hematologic complications

Nephrologic complications

50
Q

Q 36. What is citalopram?

A

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51
Q

Q 36. First line for generalized anxiety disorder? What is second line? why is this drug second line?

A

First line:

Second line:

52
Q

Q 36. Bupropion

  1. mechanism of action
  2. indications (2)
  3. side effects (3)
  4. effect on generalized anxiety
A

1.
2.
3.
4.

53
Q

Fluphenazine vs Fluoxetine

:These two drugs sound similar, which one is which?

A

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54
Q

Sertraline vs Selegiline

: These two drugs sound similar, which one is which?

A

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55
Q

Q 37. Pulmonary fibrosis

  1. characteristic of onset of dypsnea
  2. PE finding: lung sound
A

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56
Q

Q 38. What is psoas sign? (what movement is restricted with psoas muscle injury?)

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57
Q

Q 38. Obturator externus is for what motion?

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58
Q

Q 39. What is Fick’s equation for cardiac output?

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UWORLD first pass- week 3 (4 decks)

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