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UNC EXSS 175 > 1B > Flashcards

1B Flashcards

1
Q

depressions and openings purpose?

A
  • Form joints

- Allow passage of soft tissue

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2
Q

processes purpose?

A
  • Help to form joints

- Serve as attachment sites for connective tissue

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3
Q

5 different types of depressions and openings?

A
  • Foramen
  • Notch
  • Meatus
  • Fossa
  • Sulcus
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4
Q

Foramen

A

Opening through which blood vessels, nerves, or ligaments pass

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5
Q

Notch

A

Indentation at bone’s edge

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6
Q

Meatus

A

Enters, but does not pass through structure

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7
Q

Fossa

A

Shallow depression

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8
Q

Sulcus

A

Furrow along a bone surface that accommodates a blood vessel, nerve, or tendon

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9
Q

Three processes that form joints

A
  • Condyle
  • Facet
  • Head
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10
Q

Condyle (process that forms joints)

A

Large, round protuberance at the end of a bone

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11
Q

Facet (process that forms joints)

A

Smooth flat articular surface

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12
Q

Head (process that forms joints)

A

Rounded articular projection supported on the neck of a bone (i.e. head of the femur)

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13
Q

Six processes that form attachment points

A
  • Crest
  • Epicondyle
  • Spinous process
  • Trochanter
  • Tubercle
  • Tuberosity
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14
Q

Crest (process that forms attachment point)

A

Prominent ridge or elongated projection (i.e. iliac crest of hip bone)

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15
Q

Epicondyle (process that forms attachment point)

A

Projection above a condyle (i.e. medial epicondyle of elbow)

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16
Q

Spinous process (process that forms attachment point)

A

Sharp, slender projection (i.e. S.P. of vertebra)

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17
Q

Trochanter (process that forms attachment point)

A

Very large projection (i.e. greater trochanter of femur)

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18
Q

Tubercle (process that forms attachment point)

A

Small, rounded projection (i.e greater tubercle of the humerus)

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19
Q

Tuberosity (process that forms attachment point)

A

Large, rounded, usually roughened projection (i.e. ischial)

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20
Q

4 Important muscular terms

A
  • Origin
  • Insertion
  • Innervation
  • Action
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21
Q

Origin (important muscular term)

A

Placement of muscle attachment for the stationary bone

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22
Q

Insertion (important muscular term)

A

Placement of the muscle attachment for the bone it moves

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23
Q

Innervation (important muscular term)

A

The nervous supply to a muscle

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24
Q

Action (important muscular term)

A

The motion the muscle creates

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25
Q

Plane

A
  • a two-dimensional surface defined by 3 points not on the same line
  • Describes relative movements of body parts

MOTION OCCURS “IN A PLANE”

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26
Q

Axis

A

-a line passing
perpendicular through a plane
-Describes the lines around which these motions occur

MOTION OCCURS “ABOUT AN AXIS”

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27
Q

What are the 3 anatomical planes of motion?

A
  • Sagittal
  • Frontal (coronal)
  • Transverse
28
Q

Sagittal Plane (general)

A

Midsagittal or median
Divides into equal right and left sides
(between legs)

29
Q

Frontal (coronal) plane

A

Divides into anterior and posterior portions

Front and Back aka cut yo booty off

30
Q

Transverse Plane

A

Cross-sectional/horizonntal
Divides the body into superior (above) and inferior (below) portions
(cut your legs off)

31
Q

Sagittal Plane

A

Divides body into UNEQUAL left and right sides

32
Q

Mid-sagittal plane

A

Divides body into EQUAL left and right sides

33
Q

Anatomical Axes of Motions are what to anatomical planes?

A

Perpendicular

34
Q

What are the three anatomical axes of motion?

A
  • Antero-posterior (AP) Axis
  • Mediolateral Axis
  • Longitudinal Axis
35
Q

Which plane is the antero-posterior axis perpendicular to?

A

Frontal Plane

36
Q

Which plane is the Mediolateral axis perpendicular to?

A

Sagittal Plane

37
Q

Which plane is the Longitudinal axis perpendicular to?

A

Transverse Plane

38
Q

What are the two basic joint actions in that occur within the sagittal plane?

A

Flexion & Extention

39
Q

Flexion?

A

Making a decrease in angle

40
Q

Extension?

A

Making an increase in angle

41
Q

What are the two basic joint actions that occur in the frontal plane?

A

Abduction (ABD) & Adduction (ADD)

42
Q

Abduction?

A
  • Moving away from midline of the body

- To “take away”

43
Q

Adduction?

A
  • Moving towards the midline of body

- To “add”

44
Q

What are the two basic joint actions that occur in the transverse plane?

A

Medial (Internal) Rotation & Lateral (external) Rotation

45
Q

Medial (Internal) Rotation

A

Anterior surface moves toward midline

46
Q

Lateral (External) Rotation

A

Anterior surface moves away from midline

47
Q

What are two basic joint actions that occur in the forearm?

A

Supination & Pronation

48
Q

Supination?

A

Rotating hand/forearm laterally

“hold the soup”

49
Q

Pronation

A

Rotating hand/forearm medially

“pour the soup”

50
Q

What are two basic joint actions that occur in the Wrist?

A

Radial flexion or deviation (ABD)
&
Ulnar flexion or deviation (ADD)

51
Q

Radial flexion or deviation (ABD)

A

Move wrist outwards or away from midline of body

Deviate towards radius

52
Q

Ulnar flexion or deviation (ADD)

A

Move wrist inwards or towards the midline of body

Deviate towards ulna

53
Q

What are four basic joint actions that occur in the Ankle? (2 pairs)

A

Plantarflexion & Dorsiflexion

Inversion & Eversion

54
Q

Plantarflexion

A

Point toes/foot downward

“plant the foot”

55
Q

Dorsiflexion

A

Point toes/foot upward

“foot off the gas pedal”

56
Q

Inversion

A

Movement of sole of foot inward

57
Q

Eversion

A

Movement of sole of foot outward

58
Q

What are four basic joint actions that occur in the Scapula? (3 pairs)

A

Protraction & Retraction

Upward Rotation & Downward Rotation

Elevation & Depression

59
Q

Protraction

A

Moving forward on plane parallel to ground

“punch”

60
Q

Retraction

A

Moving backward on plane parallel to ground

“start lawn mower”

61
Q

Upward Rotation

A

shoulder presses?

62
Q

Downward Rotation

A

lat pull downs

63
Q

Elevation

A

to move upward

64
Q

Depression

A

to move downward

65
Q

Basic joint action - Circumduction

A
  • Latin meaning “around”

- Combination of flexion/extension and abduction/adduction

UNC EXSS 175 (6 decks)

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