1.a. Global migration involves dynamic flows of people between countries, regions and continents. Flashcards
What is a long-term migrant?
A person who moves to a new residence for more than a year.
What is a short-term migrant?
A person who moves to a new residence for more than 3 months but less than a year.
What is an international migrant?
Someone who changes country of usual residence.
What is net migration?
The difference between the number of immigrants and emigrants in a country.
In 2015, how many people were living outside their country of origin? What percentage of the world’s population was this?
In 2015, according to the United Nations Population Fund (UNPF), 244 million people (3.3% of the world’s population) were living outside their country of origin.
What is an economic migrant?
Globally these are the majority of migrants.
They are seeking work an social opportunities, often sending money back to their families as migrant remittances.
What is a refugee?
People fleeing conflict zones and persecution.
These are growing in number, as are asylum seekers.
How do you work out population change?
(Births-Deaths) +/- International Migration.
Why are migration figures only estimates?
Many are undocumented and/ or illegal.
It is difficult to be accurate.
There is a lack of uniformity.
What 3 scales does international migration occur at?
Between neighbouring countries (e.g. Germany to France).
Across the globe (e.g. UK to Australia).
Between major global regions (e.g. Africa and Europe).
Where was EU net migration gain largest?
Italy (1.18 million) and Germany (466,254)
Where was EU net migration loss largest?
Spain (265,849) and Greece (52,000)
What are 2 advantages of a choropleth map?
Easy to translate.
Simple to understand and anomalies are easy to identify.
What are 2 disadvantages of a choropleth map?
Variations within areas are hidden.
Difficult to distinguish shades and there are broad value classes.
In 2013, how many people born in the UK lived abroad? What are the top 3 countries where this occurs?
In 2013, 5.1 million people born in the UK live abroad.
(Australia, USA, Canada).
What are 3 reasons for people moving abroad from the UK?
Employment issues.
Retirement.
Family reunification.
Better climate.
How many foreign-born people live in the UK? What are the top 3 countries where this occurs?
There were 7.8 million foreign-born people living in the UK.
(India, Poland and Pakistan).
What are 3 reasons for people moving abroad to the UK?
Colonial ties.
Fellow European country.
Employment opportunities.
Educational opportunities.
Family reunification.
What region of the UK has the largest number of immigrants? What is this as a percentage?
London is the region in the UK with the largest number of immigrants (36.2%)
What is inter-regional migration?
The movement of people between different global regions e.g. Africa to Europe.
What are 2 key routes of migration into Europe?
Nigeria to Libya, then to Italy.
South Sudan to Libya, then to Italy.
Ukraine to Hungary.
Afghanistan to Hungary, then to Turkey, then to Greece.
Afghanistan to Turkey, then to Greece.
What are 2 challenges faced along the way during Mediterranean migration?
Heat exhaustion and suffocation from overcrowded smuggler boats.
Weather/ sea conditions when voyaging.
Boats sinking from over loading, can cause drowning.
Where do most Mediterranean migrants go to?
Germany (41%), central Europe is very well-developed and housing facilities for better qualities of life.
Sweden (16%), immigration contributes to a large volume of Sweden’s economic growth. Sweden took in more refugees than any other country in 2016.
Where do most Mediterranean migrants come from?
Syria (45%), civil wars, collapsing infrastructures and hospitals have forced many people to leave quickly and rapidly.
Afghanistan (25%), instability and conflict have forced people to areas of Europe, however security is getting tighter.
