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MSRA Revision Cards > 19th November Cards > Flashcards

19th November Cards Flashcards

1
Q

How are meniscal tears diagnosed?

A

Joint line tenderness & positive McMurray’s test

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2
Q

What is the most common indication for knee surgeries?

A

Meniscal tears

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3
Q

Which knee is most at risk of meniscal tears?

A

ACL deficient knees

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4
Q

Which of the meniscus is more prone to tear?

A

Medial (generally)
** Lateral (in acute ACL tears)

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5
Q

What is the most sensitive physical examination finding in meniscal injuries?

A

Joint line tenderness

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6
Q

What is the most sensitive diagnostic test modality for meniscal injuries?

A

MRI

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7
Q

What is the diagnostic shortfall of MRI in meniscal injuries?

A

High false positive rates

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8
Q

What is a good brief explanation of Osgood-Schlatter syndrome?

A

Tibial tuberosity apophysitis

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9
Q

Who is more at risk of Osgood-Schlatter syndrome?

A

Male children
Between the ages of 10-15 years

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10
Q

What % of Osgood-Schlatter syndrome is self-limiting?

A

> 90%

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11
Q

What is the key treatment strategy for Osgood-Schlatter syndrome?

A

Limitation of activity

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12
Q

Which sex is more prone to osteoarthritis?

A

Females

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13
Q

What is the character of the joint stiffness/gelling in osteoarthritis?

A

It happens after a period of rest?

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14
Q

What is the core component of osteoarthritis management?

A

Exercise to improve local muscle strength

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15
Q

What is an effective alternative to intra-articular steroid injections in osteoarthritis?

A

Intra-articular hyaluronic acid (also called viscosupplementation)

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16
Q

What is the most common primary bone malignancy in children?

A

Osteosarcoma

17
Q

What are the common genetic associations of osteosarcoma?

A

Hereditary retinoblastoma
Li-Fraumeni syndrome
Rothmund-Thompson syndrome
Bloom syndrome
Werner syndrome

18
Q

What type of tumors are osteosarcomas?

A

Osteoid-forming bone tumors

19
Q

At what ages is osteosarcoma more frequent?

A

10-14
> 65

(Bimodal peak)

20
Q

Which race is more at risk of osteosarcoma?

A

Blacks

21
Q

Which sex is more at risk of osteosarcoma?

A

Males

22
Q

What is the commonest bone site for osteosarcoma?

A

Near metaphysis of the long bones of the appendicular skeleton

23
Q

What is the commonest joint affected by osteosarcoma?

A

Knee joint (distal femur + proximal tibia)

24
Q

What are the biochemical markers in osteosarcoma?

A

ALP
LDH

25
Q

What is the gold standard diagnostic imaging for osteosarcoma?

A

MRI

26
Q

What are the characteristic radiographic findings in osteosarcoma?

A

Sunburst appearance
Codman triangle
Lamellated (onion skin) reaction

27
Q

What is the most common primary bone tumour?

A

Multiple myeloma

MSRA Revision Cards (9 decks)

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