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Year 12 History- Britain > 1922-1929 (The Search For Stability)- Economic (Economic Issues) > Flashcards

1922-1929 (The Search For Stability)- Economic (Economic Issues) Flashcards

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1
Q

when was the General Strike?

A

May 1926

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2
Q

How long did the general strike last?

A

9 days

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3
Q

give 4 positives of post war economic readjustment?

A
  • new industries growing fast
  • CEGB=National Grid=felxible power to homes and businesses
  • ec. growth between 23 and 29 faster than before 1914
  • growth in service sector
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4
Q

what did Baldwin realise wasn’t the way forward?

A

protectionism

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5
Q

when did GB conver to gold standard?

A

1925

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6
Q

who did Baldwin end GBs relationship with in 1924?

A

Russia

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7
Q

what was primarily blamed for post war economic problems?

A

coming off the gold standard (hence the 1925 return)

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8
Q

what had taken over the £ as the dominant currency post war, and where was the new centre of banking (after London lost it)

A

$+NYC

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9
Q

what was the change in the exchange rate when back on gold standard?

A

$3.40 to $4.86

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10
Q

why was the new higher value of the £ bad for unemployment?

A

exports became uncompetitave, especially in staple industries, causing unemployment

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11
Q

how many were employed in the mines?

A

1+m

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12
Q

give 3 problems of the coal mines in the early-mid 1920s?

A
  • poor conditions/pay despite Miners Federation being well organised with a tradition of militancy
  • 1922-24= 3606 miners killed, 600k injured
  • industry in decline- profitable Ruhr crisis was short lived
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13
Q

why was all TU activity viewed with suspicion?

A

fear of a socialist revolution

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14
Q

how many days of work were lost through strike in 1926?

A

162.2m

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15
Q

what was the loss in 1925 caused by expensive exports?

A

£2.1m

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16
Q

what did mine owners call for which miners rejected, and what did this lead to?

A

lower wages and longer hours

a lockout

17
Q

who did miners call to for help?

A

dockers and railworkers

18
Q

what did the gov do to appease both miners and mine owners?

A

subsidies for miners wages and owners profits

19
Q

what was the commission formed to investigate the problems of the coal industry called, and when was it formed?

A

Samuel Commission

Sept 1925

20
Q

when did the Samuel Commission show its findings, and what were the key points?

A

March 1926

  • rejected nationalisation
  • gov should help mines be reconstructed
  • opposed longer hours
  • wage cuts essential to save jobs
21
Q

who do the miners appeal to?

A

TUC

22
Q

after the mine owners final terms are rejected by miners, what do the declare from 01/05/1925?

A

lockout

23
Q

what was the miners slogan?

A

“not a penny off the pay, not an hour on the day”

24
Q

what could Baldwin be criticised for?

A

not putting enough pressure on owners to accept a compromise

25
Q

what newspaper had an unofficial strike on 02/05/1926?

A

the printers at the daily mail

26
Q

when did the gov declare a state of emergency?

A

01/05/1926

27
Q

when did the general strike officially begin?

A

03/05/1926

28
Q

what did Baldwin set up under the Emergency Powers Act?

A

Organisation for the Maintenance of Supplies

29
Q

how many volunteers helped the armed forces fill in for strikers, and who typically were they?

A 
100k
middle class men who had never done manual labour
30
Q

how did Baldwin win public sympathy?

A

said the general strike threatened the British Constitution

31
Q

what was the biggest failure of the TUC?

A

disorganised

32
Q

when did the TUC call off the strike?

A

12/05/1926

33
Q

what was the eventual result?

A

miners had to accept wage cuts and longer hours, and many even lost their jobs

34
Q

how much did the general strike cos the NUR and TGWU, and what did this mean?

A

£1m each, and no strikes of their own could be supported

35
Q

when did the gov pass the Trade Disputes act, and what did it mean?

A

1927

  • sympathetic strikes illegal
  • members had to individually authorise their political levy to the Lab Party
  • restricted picketing
36
Q

what did the new image of moderation from the TUs allow?

A

1929 Lab election win

37
Q

how did the general strike impact the Cons?

A
  • praised in handling by MC/UC
  • workers hated their harsh measures
  • unions and workers turned against Cons, causing 1929 loss
38
Q

how did the general strike impact the Lab party?

A
  • not as harmed as expected
  • McD refused to involve party in strike
  • image of firmness and moderation liked by public

Year 12 History- Britain (12 decks)

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