1914 - 1920 WW1 and it's impact on British India. Flashcards
How did India contribute to the war economically?
They contributed £146m
How did India’s economic contribution to the war affect normal people in India?
- They were taxed a lot
- Shortages
- Rising prices
- Disrupted normal trading
What was the Ghadr movement?
A series of mutinies - some caused by the fear of being led by Muslim officers and some about rumors in Singapore about the battle of the Somme.q
What were the home rule league?
A political organization with the aim for home rule in India.
When was the Home rule league established?
1916
What was the ideas of the Home rule league based on?
Home rule in Ireland
What year does the war begin?
1914
What European powers are fighting the war?
Britain, France & Russia VS Germany, Austro Hungary and Ottoman empire.
Why did Britain use Indian soldiers?
Germany had a huge army and they needed additions
How many Indians volunteered to fight in the First World War and how many were conscripted?
- 5M volunteered
2. 5M volunteered
Why did Indian soldiers volunteer to fight?
- They felt loyal to the British empire
- they expected Indians to have more say in the running of their own country when the war was over
When was the Lucknow pact set up?
1916
What was the Lucknow pact?
An agreement between Hindu congress and the All - India Muslim league
What did the Lucknow pact cover?
Covered political objective and details of future electorates if India got home rule.
When was the Montagu Declaration?
1917
What was the Montagu Declaration?
A new approach to governing India announced and promised some form of self government.
When were the Rowlatt acts?
1919
What were the Rowlatt acts?
Wartime controls to suppress anti war behaviour
What were some examples of the wartime controls (Rowlatt acts 1919)?
- Imprisonment without trial
- Trial without a jury
- Censorship
- House arrest of suspects
When was the Rowlatt act reversed?
1922
Why were the Rowlatt acts made?
An investigation was launched into conspiracies and results were that Bengal, Bombay and the Punjab were areas of revolutionary activity.
What was the people’s response to the Rowlatt acts?
Hartals (leading to the Amritsar massacre)
When was the Amritsar Massacre?
1919
What happened at the Amritsar Massacre?
British army were instructed to fire without warning for 10 mins at crowds of unarmed Indians
What three events turned Gandhi anti - raj?
The Rowlatt acts (1919)
The Amritsar Massacre (1919)
Outcome of the T.O.V (1919)
When does Gandhi emerge as leader of congress?
1920
What does Gandhi change about congress?
Aims: Dominion status to full swaraj
What were some satyagraha tactics?
Boycotts, Marches and resigning from government posts.
