19. The heart and lungs Flashcards

1
Q

What does the body need apart from nutrients?

A

Oxygen

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2
Q

What 2 parts can the circulatory system be divided into?

A

・The body circuit
・The pulmonary circuit

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3
Q

What takes blood away from the heart to the lungs?

A

The pulmonary artery

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4
Q

What brings blood back to the heart from the lungs?

A

The pulmonary veins

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5
Q

What does the right atrium receive from the body?

A

Deoxygenated blood

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6
Q

What does the right ventricle pump to the lungs?

A

Deoxygenated blood

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7
Q

The pulmonary circuit is:

A

right ventricle, pulmonary artery, lung, pulmonary vein, left atrium

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8
Q

What receives oxygenated blood from the lungs?

A

The left atrium

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9
Q

What pumps oxygenated blood to the whole body (except the lungs)?

A

The left ventricle

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10
Q

The body circuit pathway is:

A

left ventricle, aorta, whole body, vena cava, right atrium

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11
Q

What is another word for oxygenated blood?

A

Arterial blood

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12
Q

Where does arterial blood pass through?

A

Through the arteries in the body

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13
Q

What is another word for deoxygenated blood?

A

Venous blood

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14
Q

Where does Venous blood pass through?

A

Through the veins in the body

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15
Q

Why is venous blood a dark red in colour?

A

Because it contains a lot of carbon dioxide

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16
Q

Why is arterial blood bright red?

A

Because the haemoglobin turns bright red when oxygen binds to it

17
Q

What is cellular respiration also known as?

A

Internal respiration

18
Q

What does cellular/internal respiration do?

A

It converts sugars (glucose and starch) into usable energy (ATP) in order to power the body

19
Q

What is required for cellular/internal respiration?

20
Q

What is produced as waste in cellular/internal respiration?

A

Carbon dioxide & water

21
Q

sugar + oxygen =?

A

energy + carbon dioxide + water

22
Q

What are the lungs?

A

A place where gaseous exchange takes place in humans

23
Q

What happens when we breathe in?

A

Oxygen in the air is taken into our bodies

24
Q

What happens when we breathe out?

A

Carbon dioxide from our bodies is released into the air

25
What is external respiration?
Carbon dioxide from our bodies being released into the air when we breathe out
26
Where does the air which enters the nose or mouth pass through?
Trachea and into the lungs
27
What does the trachea branch into?
Bronchi, then bronchioles
28
bronchioles end in tiny air sacs called _ where gas exchange takes place
Alveoli
29
What is each alveoli covered in?
a network of capillaries
30
What picks up oxygen after its diffused from the alveoli into the blood?
Haemoglobin
31
Where is carbon dioxide dissolved in?
The plasma
32
What does the oxygen do?
It diffuses out of the blood and into the lungs to be exhaled
33
What muscle is used to breathe?
The diaphragm