19. The heart and lungs

Question 1

What does the body need apart from nutrients?

Answer 1

Oxygen

Question 2

What 2 parts can the circulatory system be divided into?

Answer 2

・The body circuit
・The pulmonary circuit

Question 3

What takes blood away from the heart to the lungs?

Answer 3

The pulmonary artery

Question 4

What brings blood back to the heart from the lungs?

Answer 4

The pulmonary veins

Question 5

What does the right atrium receive from the body?

Answer 5

Deoxygenated blood

Question 6

What does the right ventricle pump to the lungs?

Answer 6

Deoxygenated blood

Question 7

The pulmonary circuit is:

Answer 7

right ventricle, pulmonary artery, lung, pulmonary vein, left atrium

Question 8

What receives oxygenated blood from the lungs?

Answer 8

The left atrium

Question 9

What pumps oxygenated blood to the whole body (except the lungs)?

Answer 9

The left ventricle

Question 10

The body circuit pathway is:

Answer 10

left ventricle, aorta, whole body, vena cava, right atrium

Question 11

What is another word for oxygenated blood?

Answer 11

Arterial blood

Question 12

Where does arterial blood pass through?

Answer 12

Through the arteries in the body

Question 13

What is another word for deoxygenated blood?

Answer 13

Venous blood

Question 14

Where does Venous blood pass through?

Answer 14

Through the veins in the body

Question 15

Why is venous blood a dark red in colour?

Answer 15

Because it contains a lot of carbon dioxide

Question 16

Why is arterial blood bright red?

Answer 16

Because the haemoglobin turns bright red when oxygen binds to it

Question 17

What is cellular respiration also known as?

Answer 17

Internal respiration

Question 18

What does cellular/internal respiration do?

Answer 18

It converts sugars (glucose and starch) into usable energy (ATP) in order to power the body

Question 19

What is required for cellular/internal respiration?

Answer 19

Oxygen

Question 20

What is produced as waste in cellular/internal respiration?

Answer 20

Carbon dioxide & water

Question 21

sugar + oxygen =?

Answer 21

energy + carbon dioxide + water

Question 22

What are the lungs?

Answer 22

A place where gaseous exchange takes place in humans

Question 23

What happens when we breathe in?

Answer 23

Oxygen in the air is taken into our bodies

Question 24

What happens when we breathe out?

Answer 24

Carbon dioxide from our bodies is released into the air

Question 25

What is external respiration?

Answer 25

Carbon dioxide from our bodies being released into the air when we breathe out

Question 26

Where does the air which enters the nose or mouth pass through?

Answer 26

Trachea and into the lungs

Question 27

What does the trachea branch into?

Answer 27

Bronchi, then bronchioles

Question 28

bronchioles end in tiny air sacs called ＿ where gas exchange takes place

Answer 28

Alveoli

Question 29

What is each alveoli covered in?

Answer 29

a network of capillaries

Question 30

What picks up oxygen after its diffused from the alveoli into the blood?

Answer 30

Haemoglobin

Question 31

Where is carbon dioxide dissolved in?

Answer 31

The plasma

Question 32

What does the oxygen do?

Answer 32

It diffuses out of the blood and into the lungs to be exhaled

Question 33

What muscle is used to breathe?

Answer 33

The diaphragm