16. The digestive system

Question 1

We eat because our cells need what?

Answer 1

Nutrients, materials

Question 2

What are the most important parts of food?

Answer 2

Proteins, carbohydrates, lipids

Question 3

What does dietry fiber come from?

Answer 3

Cell walls of plant cells

Question 4

What does dietry fiber do? Is it digestible?

Answer 4

It is not digestible, but it helps the process

Question 5

What is the order of the nutrients that we should take in? (Most to least)

Answer 5

Carbohydrates, fruit&veggies, dairy, meat&fish, fat&sweets

Question 6

What kinds of foods is carbohydrates found in?

Answer 6

Rice, bread, potatoes

Question 7

What elements are carbohydrates made from, and what do those elements form?

Answer 7

Made from carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Form glucose

Question 8

What is carbohydrates used for?

Answer 8

As a source of fast energy

Question 9

In what foods can you find lipid?

Answer 9

Salmon, avocado, olive oil

Question 10

What elements are carbohydrates made from?

Answer 10

Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

Question 11

What do lipids include? Are they healthy?

Answer 11

Includes things like fats and oils, and too much is bad

Question 12

What important roles do lipids play?

Answer 12

*structure & functioning

Question 13

What type of energy source does lipids provide?

Answer 13

Long-term energy source

Question 14

Lipids help with maintains temperature. What is this called?

Answer 14

Cushioning & insulation

Question 15

What kind of foods are proteins found in?

Answer 15

Meat, fish, and eggs

Question 16

What elements are proteins made from?

Answer 16

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and others

Question 17

What do proteins make up in living organisms?

Answer 17

Muscle

Question 18

Proteins from long, complicated structured from what?

Answer 18

From chains of amino acids

Question 19

What is digestion?

Answer 19

The process of breaking down food so nutrients can be absorbed

Question 20

What 2 stages can digestion be divided into?

Answer 20

Mechanical & Chemical

Question 21

What is mechanical digestion?

Answer 21

Physically reducing the size of food through grinding and movement (chewing)

Question 22

What is chemical digestion?

Answer 22

Chemically breaking down food into small molecules through digestive juices

Question 23

State the order in which food is digested (Alimentary canal)

Answer 23

Mouth, Oesophagus, Stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectrum, anus

Question 24

What are some herbivore animals?

Answer 24

Zebra, rabbit, iguanodon

Question 25

What type of front teeth do herbivores have?

Answer 25

Incisors (sharp front teeth)

Question 26

What are incisors best for?

Answer 26

Cutting plants

Question 27

What type of back teeth do herbivores have?

Answer 27

Molars

Question 28

What are molars best for?

Answer 28

Grinding grass

Question 29

What are some carnivore animals?

Answer 29

Lion, fox, t-Rex

Question 30

What type of teeth do carnivores have?

Answer 30

Sharp front and back teeth

Question 31

What are carnivores teeth most suitable for?

Answer 31

*Biting and holding onto prey *crushing bones to make them easier to swallow

Question 32

What is the oesophagus also known as?

Answer 32

food pipe

Question 33

What is the oesophagus?

Answer 33

A muscular tube connecting the mouth & stomach

Question 34

How does the oesophagus move food?

Answer 34

In a gentle squeezing motion (peristalsis)

Question 35

What does the stomach do?

Answer 35

It churns food and digestive juices together

Question 36

What does the churning motion accelerate?

Answer 36

It accelerates digestion

Question 37

What environment is the stomach?

Answer 37

Highly acidic (ph1-2)

Question 38

What does the stoma ch’s environment help with?

Answer 38

Killing bacteria and other harmful substances

Question 39

What does the small intestine connect?

Answer 39

Connects the stomach with the large intestine

Question 40

The small intestine consists of 3 parts: what are they?

Answer 40

Duodenum, jejunum, ileum

Question 41

What is the small intestine's main functions?

Answer 41

・finish digesting food ・absorb the broken-down nutrients into the body

Question 42

What is the name of the inner wall of the small intestines covered in small projections?

Answer 42

Villi

Question 43

What does villi do?

Answer 43

they greatly increase the surface area of the intestine

Question 44

What do villi contain?

Answer 44

Many blood vessels to absorb nutrients into the body

Question 45

What stage of digestion does the large intestine perform?

Answer 45

The final stage

Question 46

What does the large intestine do?

Answer 46

absorbs water from broken down food, leaving waste material

Question 47

The waste (faeces) is stored where before being discharged through the anus?

Answer 47

The rectum

Question 48

How many hours does it take for the food to eat to leave as faeces?

Answer 48

24-72 hours

Question 49

How long is the whole human digestive tract?

Answer 49

9 metres

Question 50

What food is nutritious and easy to digest?

Answer 50

Meat

Question 51

What food contains fewer nutrients and is harder to digest?

Answer 51

Plant-based food

Question 52

What do you need to do when intaking plant-based food?

Answer 52

Take large quantities of it

Question 53

What type of digestive tracts do herbivores have?

Answer 53

Longer digestive tracts and helpful gut bacteria

Question 54

What type of teeth do carnivores have?

Answer 54

Canine, Pre-molars

Question 55

What are canines suitable for?

Answer 55

Tearing meat

Question 56

What are pre-molars suitable for?

Answer 56

Crushing bones