16. The digestive system Flashcards
We eat because our cells need what?
Nutrients, materials
What are the most important parts of food?
Proteins, carbohydrates, lipids
What does dietry fiber come from?
Cell walls of plant cells
What does dietry fiber do? Is it digestible?
It is not digestible, but it helps the process
What is the order of the nutrients that we should take in? (Most to least)
Carbohydrates, fruit&veggies, dairy, meat&fish, fat&sweets
What kinds of foods is carbohydrates found in?
Rice, bread, potatoes
What elements are carbohydrates made from, and what do those elements form?
Made from carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Form glucose
What is carbohydrates used for?
As a source of fast energy
In what foods can you find lipid?
Salmon, avocado, olive oil
What elements are carbohydrates made from?
Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
What do lipids include? Are they healthy?
Includes things like fats and oils, and too much is bad
What important roles do lipids play?
*structure & functioning
What type of energy source does lipids provide?
Long-term energy source
Lipids help with maintains temperature. What is this called?
Cushioning & insulation
What kind of foods are proteins found in?
Meat, fish, and eggs
What elements are proteins made from?
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and others
What do proteins make up in living organisms?
Muscle
Proteins from long, complicated structured from what?
From chains of amino acids
What is digestion?
The process of breaking down food so nutrients can be absorbed
What 2 stages can digestion be divided into?
Mechanical & Chemical
What is mechanical digestion?
Physically reducing the size of food through grinding and movement (chewing)
What is chemical digestion?
Chemically breaking down food into small molecules through digestive juices