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Science 2 > 18. Blood and the heart > Flashcards

18. Blood and the heart Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the primary method of transport in the body?

A

Blood

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2
Q

What is the name of the liquid part of blood?

A

Plasma

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3
Q

What is the name of the solid components in blood?

A

Corpuscles

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4
Q

What three things are in corpuscles?

A

・Red blood cells
・White blood cells
・Platelets

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5
Q

What is the job of red blood cells?

A

To carry oxygen around the body

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6
Q

What is the name of the protein contained inside red blood cells?

A

Haemoglobin

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7
Q

What is Haemoglobin?

A

An iron-containing molecule that can bond with oxygen and gives the cell its red colour

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8
Q

What system are white blood cells part of?

A

The immune system

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9
Q

What colour and size are white blood cells?

A

They are white, and come in all shapes and sizes

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10
Q

What are the white blood cells’ jobs?

A

To kill bacteria and viruses

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11
Q

Why do we get white/yellowish pus?

A

Due to white blood cells consuming bacteria in our bodies

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12
Q

What are platelets?

A

They are pieces of larger cells that have broken apart

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13
Q

How big are platelets?

A

Smaller than rbc & wbc

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14
Q

What are platelets involved in?

A

Blood clotting

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15
Q

What are platelets’ jobs?

A

To block any damage to your blood vessels

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16
Q

What percentage of plasma is water?

A

90%

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17
Q

What does plasma do?

A

Carries dissolved nutrients and gases

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18
Q

What does plasma become when blood gets to capillaries (smallest kind of vessels)

A

leaks out and becomes tissue fluid

19
Q

What does tissue fluid do?

A

・Delivers nutrients etc. to the cells where they are needed
・Carries waste back to the blood through the capillaries once more

20
Q

Where does the tissue fluid that does not re-enter the capillaries go into?

A

The lymphatic system

21
Q

What does the tissue fluid become in the lymphatic system?

A

lymph

22
Q

What does lymph contain?

A

Immune system cells

23
Q

Blood is carried around the body in the ＿?

A

Circulatory system

24
Q

What is the heart?

A

A muscular organ

25
Q

What does the heart do?

A

Pumps blood around the whole circulatory system

26
Q

What 3 types of vessels does blood travel through?

A

Arteries, veins, capillaries

27
Q

What kind of wall do arteries have?

A

A thick, muscular wall

28
Q

What do the arteries do?

A

・lead away from the heart
・carry a lot of blood under high pressure with every heartbeat

29
Q

Arteries always moves＿ because arteries are pumped by the heart.

A

forward

30
Q

What do arteries branch into?

A

Capillaries

31
Q

Compared to arteries, what do the veins look like?

A

They are smaller and have thinner walls

32
Q

What do veins do?

A

They carry blood back to the heart

33
Q

What do veins have to prevent blood from flowing the wrong way?

A

Valves

34
Q

What helps pump back blood to your heart?

A

Contraction of your skeletal muscles

35
Q

What are capillaries like?

A

Small & thin

36
Q

What are capillaries’ cell walls like?

A

Only one cell thick

37
Q

What does the thinness of capillaries’ cell walls allow?

A

Allows nutrients and gases to be exchanged between cells and the blood stream

38
Q

What is the heart made of?

A

cardiac muscle

39
Q

What are the four chambers of the heart?

A

2 atria & 2 ventricles

40
Q

Why are there valves in between the atria and ventricles?

A

To open and close to let blood through

41
Q

Are atria smaller than ventricles?

A

Yes

42
Q

What does the left ventricle do?

A

It pumps blood to the whole body and has a rather thick muscle wall

43
Q

What does the aorta do?

A

It sends blood to the body

44
Q

What does the vena cava do?

A

Bring the blood back to the heart

Science 2 (4 decks)

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