19 Corticosteroids Flashcards
How do glucocorticoids alter fat and protein metabolism?
Makes you use protein and keep fat instead of the other way around
What is the general MOA of glucocorticoids?
Bind to intracytoplasmic steroid receptors, travel to the nucleus, and bind DNA to induce or repress the expression of target genes
What are the 3 general effects of corticosteroid therapy?
-Anti-inflammatory
-Immunosuppresive
-Anti-mitotic
What anti-inflammatory effects do glucocorticoids have?
-Suppression of genes for cytokines
-Decreased neutrophil migration
-Decreased number of circulating basos, eos, and lymphocytes
-Affects arachidonic acid cascade (reduces prostaglandin and leukotriene release by increasing lipocortin)
What immunosuppressive effects do glucocorticoids have?
-Decreases circulating lymphocytes via apoptosis
-Decreases cytokines
-Interferes with antigen presentation by mononuclear cells
What effects do corticosteroids have on muscles and connective tissue?
Weakness, atrophy, increased risk of ligament rupture
What effects do corticosteroids have on the GI system?
Increased gastrin coupled with decreased mucus production and cell turnover
What class of medications should corticosteroids NEVER be used with?
NSAIDs (increased risk of gastric ulceration)
What effects do corticosteroids have on the skin?
Atrophy of dermis and epidermis, increased telogen hair follicles/alopecia, comedones, bruising, decreased collagen and elastin, hyperpigmentation
What effect does corticosteroids have on fibroblasts?
Essentially turns them off - decreases collagen production
What mineralization process can corticosteroid therapy cause?
Calcinosis cutis
What adverse effect can corticosteroids have on cats?
Acquired skin fragility and ear tipping
How can corticosteroids induce diabetes mellitus?
Causing insulin resistance
Can you treat laminitis with corticosteroids?
No, corticosteroids are contraindicated
T or F: dogs require roughly twice the dosage of pred that cats do.
False (cats require 2x the dosage that dogs do)
