18.1 Flashcards
what are the coverings of the heart (pericardium) and functions
fibrous pericardium: protects and anchors the heart, prevents over filling
serous pericardium: double walled membrane consisting of:
-viscereal layer/epicardium: covers the surface of the heart
-parietal layer: lines inside of pericardium
What are the 3 layers of the heart wall
- pericardial cavity: between the v and p layer contains serous fluid that lubricates their movements
- myocardium: composed mainly of cardiac muscle
- endocardium: lines the chambers of the heart
what is the function of the right atrium
receive deoxygenated blood from the superior, inferior vena cava and the coronary sinus and push the blood through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle
what is the function of the right ventricle
to receive deoxygenated blood from the right atrium and push it through the pulmonary semilunar valve into the pulmonary trunk
what is the function of the pulmonary trunk
to push deoxygenated blood into the pulmonary arteries that bring blood to the lungs to undergo gas exchange to then become oxygenated blood
what is the function of pulmonary veins
to receive oxygenated blood from the lungs bring it to the left atrium
what is the function of the left atrium
to receive oxygenated blood from the pulmonary veins and push the blood through the bicuspid valve into the left ventricle
what is the function of the left ventricle
to receive oxygenated blood from the left ventricle and push it through the aortic semilunar valve and into the aorta
what are the atrioventricular valves anchored to, what are they anchored by
papillary muscles
collagen strings chordae tendinae
when the heart is relaxed what happens to atrioventricular vlaves
they hang loosely down into the ventricles allowing for blood to pass through
what happens to the the atrioventricular valves when the ventricles constrict
blood is forces upwards against its flaps closing them
what happens to aortic valves when ventricular pressure rises above aortic
the aortic valves open allowing blood to be ejected out of the heart
what happens to the aortic valves when ventricles relax
blood flows backwards filling the heart but the cusps of the valves prevent back flow and are forced closed
does the heart recieve nourishment from the blood it pumps
nope it recieves nourishment from a series of vessels, the coronary circulation or coronary vessels
what is myocardinal infarction/heart attack
a blockage of blood flow to the coronary blood vessels
