18- Women's Imaging Flashcards
What are the breast imaging modalities?
Mammography
Ultrasound
MRI
Nuclear medicine
What is the purpose of mammography?
First line screening exam for detection of early breast cancer in women over age 30
Performed on asymptomatic women
What are the limitations of mammography ?
Decreased sensitivity in women with dense breast tissue
May not image entire breast due to limitations in patient positioning
What is the purpose of ultrasound in breast imaging?
For differentiating cystic from solid nodules
Imaging guidance for fine needle aspiration/ core biopsy of suspicious lesions
Guidance for cyst aspiration
What are the limitations of US in breast imaging?
Limited in detections of microcalcifications
Operator dependent
Lower specificity
What is the purpose of MRI in breast imaging?
Useful as problem solving tool
Assess implant complications
Becoming more common in screening for breast cancer in patient at very high risk
What is the purpose of nuclear medicine in breast imaging?
Sentinel node identification during breast surgery
Staging breast cancer and monitoring therapeutic response with PET
Identifies bine metastasis with PET or bone scan
What are the pelvic imaging modalities ?
Ultrasound MRI CT Fluoroscopy Angiography/ interventional
What is the purpose of ultrasound in pelvic imaging?
Common first line imaging exam of the pelvis
Fast, inexpensive, no radiation
Excellent visualization of the pelvic anatomy superior to CT scan
What is the use of ultrasound in postmenopausal bleeding?
Accurately measures endometrial thickness
Transvaginal hysterosonography assesses focal versus diffuse endometrial abnormality
What is sonohysterography?
Technique of instilling a sterile liquid into the uterine cavity
Walls of the cavity are distended making intra cavitary pathology more apparent
What is the purpose of MRI in pelvic imaging?
Highly accurate with many different pelvic pathologies but costly
Possible utility in anatomic clarity with a questionable ultrasound
What is fluoroscopy- hysterosalpingogram?
Contrast instilled through cervix to fill uterus and fallopian tubes
Gives a view of the endometrial cavity
Primary purpose is to demonstrate tubal patency in patients being evaluated for infertility
What is the purpose of angiography?
Fluoroscopy used by interventional radiologists as access the gain the uterine artery and allow embolization of artery
Embolization aid in the control of hemorrhage
Embolization is used for te treatment of uterine fibroids
