1.8 The viruses Flashcards

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1
Q

Characteristics of Virus

A
Acellular
Obligate intracellular parasites
Only infect specific hosts and cells
Genome consist of DNA or RNA
Has a protein coat called a capsid and sometimes an envelope
Uses host cell’s machinery to replicate
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2
Q

Host range of Viruses?

A

Viruses are only able to enter specific cell types in specific species
The host range is determined by the ability of viral ligands to bind to specific cell receptors.

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3
Q

Transmission of Viruses?

A

Transmission may occur through direct contact, indirect contact with fomites, or through a mechanical or biological vector.

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4
Q

Prophage

A

the phage DNA that is incorporated in to the bacterial chromosome

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5
Q

Lysogen

A

bacterial cell that contains a prophage

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6
Q

Lysogenic or phage conversion

A

change in the host cell’s properties due to the presence of prophage gene(s)

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7
Q

Induction

A

events trigger the excision of the prophage

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8
Q

What is Transduction?

A

Transfer of bacterial genes from one cell to another via a phage

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9
Q

Generalized Transduction

A

transfer of random DNA fragments through accidental packaging in a virulent phage capsid

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10
Q

Specialized transduction

A

transfer of bacterial genes due to imprecise excision of a prophage followed by incorporation into a phage capsid

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