18 Substance Use + Addictive Disorders Flashcards
Qs to ask
- type of substance/addictive behavior
- pattern/frequency
- amt used
- age of onset
- chng in work/school performnc
- periods of abstinence
- prev withdrwl manifestn
- date of last use
age range that is at highest risk
18-25
older adults w substance abuse are more prone to ______
falls, injuries, memory loss, somatic reports like headaches, + change in sleep patterns;
opioid examples
heroin, morphine, hydromorphone
opioid action + intended effects
attacg to CNS receptor> CNS depression + decr in pain
-rush of euphoria + RELIEF FR PAIN
opioid intoxication manifestation
- slurred speech
- impaird memory
- pupil change
- decr resp
- decr LOC
opioid withdrawal manifestations
abstinence syndrome
EARLY: sweat, rhinorrhea
MOD: piloerection, tremor, irritability
SEVR: weak, diarrhea, fevr, insomnia, pupil dilate, N/V, pain, spasm
opioid antidote
naloxone (IV)
types of CNS depressants
- ETOH
- Sedatives/hypnotics/anxiolytics
- Cannabis
types of CNS stimulants
- cocaine
- amphetamines
- inhalants
- hallucinogen
- caffeine
alcohol legal limit
BAC 0.08%
deathly levels of alcohol
greater than 0.4%
alcohol intended effects
- relax
- decr social anxiety
- stress reduction
alcohol effects of excess
- slurred
- nystagmus
- memory imparmnt
- alt judgment
- decr motor skills
- decr LOC
- resp arrest
- periph collapse
- death
alcohol effects of chronic use
- cardiovasc damage
- liver damage
- erosive gastritis
- GI bleed
- acute pancreatitis
- sex dysfunction
alcohol withdrawal symptoms
- ab cramp
- vomiting
- trmorts
- restless
- insomnia
- incr HR, BP, resp rate, temp
- tonic clonic seizure
alcohol withdrawal onset
4-12 hours: early
24-72 hrs: delirium tremens
delirium tremens manifestations
- severe disorientation
- psych manifestn (hallucntn)
- severe HTN
- cardiac dysrhytmias
- delirium
sedative/hypnotic/anxiolytic
drug type/names
benzo lik eidazepam
barb like pentobarbital
club druhg like flunitrazepam (date rape)
sedative/hypnotic/anxiolytic intended effects
- decr anxiety
- seadtion
sedative/hypnotic/anxiolytic effects of intoxication
- incr drowsy
- sedation
- agitatn
- slurr
- uncorrdntd motor
- nystagmys
- disorient
- N/V
- resp depress
- decr LOC
benzo antidote
flumazenil
antidote for barbiturate
none
sedative/hypnotic/anxiolytic withdrawal manifestatn
- anxiety
- insomnia
- diaphoresis
- HTN
- possible psych rxn
- psychomotor agitation
- possible seizure
cocaine intended effects
rush of euphoria + pleasure
cocaine mild toxicity manifestations
- dizzy
- irritable
- tremor
- blurred vision
cocaine severe toxicity manifestations
- hallucinatn
- irritable
- tremor
- blurred vision
- fever
- tachycardia
- HTN
- chest pain
- cardiovasc collapse/death
cocaine withdrawal
- depress
- fatigue
- crave
- excess sleep/insomnia
- dramative unpleasant dreams
- psychomotor retardation
tobacco withdrawal manifestations
- abstinence syndrome
- irritable
- craving
- nervous
- restless
- anxiety
- insomnia
- incr appetite
- anger
- difficulty concentrating
alcohol withdrawal meds
- diazepam
- carbamazepine
- clonidine
- chlordiazepoxide
- phenobarbital
- naltrexone
alcohol abstinence meds
- disulfiram
- naltrexone
- acamprosate
opioid withdrawal med
- methadone sub
- clonidine
- buprenorphine
- naltrexone
- levo-alpha-acetylmethadol
nicotine withdrawal med
- buproprion
- nicotine replacement
- varenicline
nicotine abstinence med
- varenicline
- rimonabant
