18 - Pediatric Emergencies

Question 1

Infancy is usually defined as what age range?

Prior Class Starts Here - Reverse Order - Ends at #15)

Answer 1

0-1 year of age

Question 2

The pre-school age child is what age range?

Answer 2

3-6 years of age

Question 3

The pediatric airway differs from the adult airway inn many anatomical ways, list three.

Answer 3

The tongue is proportionately bigger

The trachea is smaller in diameter

The lungs are smaller and the capacity is smaller

Question 4

Glucose stores are limited in pediatric patients, where is glucose stored?

Answer 4

Liver

Question 5

List two things an EMT should consider during the scene size-up of a pediatric patient that would differ from the scene size-up of an adult patient.

Answer 5

Pediatric specific equipment

age-appropriate physical assessment

Question 6

What is the most effective way to evaluate respiration in infants and toddlers?

Answer 6

Placing both hands on their belly

Question 7

When managing a pediatric patient’s airway, the EMT should always position the airway in what position?

Answer 7

Sniffing position

Question 8

You are assessing a 10-month-old. List three findings that would indicate this patient’s ALOC?

Answer 8

Nonsensical babbling, irritability, blank gaze in their stare

Question 9

What ar the three components of PAT?

Answer 9

Work of breathing
Appearance
Circulation of skin

Question 10

When observing the pediatric patient’s respiratory effort there are several signs of increased work of breathing and dyspnea that are unique to this population. List three of these signs.

Answer 10

Nasal flaring
Tripod position
Head bobbing

Question 11

Lack of oxygen leading to hypoxia in the pediatric patient can cause which cardiac dysrhythmia?

Answer 11

Bradycardia

Question 12

You are treating a cyanotic 5-year-old patient who is breathing at a rate of 6/ minute and has a pulse rate of 44. What is the appropriate treatment for this patient?

Answer 12

CPR

Question 13

You are treating a 6-year-old patient who is complaining of a fever, stiff neck, and has cherry-red spots on the legs and trunk. What is the MOST likely cause of the S/S? What should you do first?

Answer 13

Neisseria meningitides

Protect yourself from contraction
Contact medical control
Consider ALS
Rapid transport

Question 14

You are treating a 5-year-old patient who is experiencing an asthma attack. The patient has inspiratory and expiratory wheezing present. The parents state that the patient has taken 3 doses of the emergency inhaler with no relief. What is the MOST effective treatment for this patient?

Answer 14

Child to assume the position of comfort
Avoid overexciting the child
Supply oxygen with a nonrebreathing mask
Administer an additional dose of inhaler medication (i.e. Albuterol)
Call for ALS
Rapid transport

Question 15

You are assessing a 4-year-old, who mom says, was gagging and appeared limp for a few seconds. Upon your arrival, the patient appears healthy and shows no signs of illness or distress. The best explanation for this finding is:

Answer 15

ALTE

Apparent life-threatening event

Question 16

Which development age groups require the EMT to ensure the patients modesty during examinations, when exposing parts of their body?

Answer 16

School-age

Adolescents

(1289)

Question 16

Children ages 6 to 12 are under what child development group?

Answer 16

School age

Question 17

What is the most effective way to evaluate respirations in infants and toddlers?

Answer 17

Place both your hands on their belly check for the rise and fall

Question 18

What is PAT, what are the components and what is it useful for?

Answer 18

Pediatric Assessment Triangle: Appearance, Work of breath , and Circulation to skin.
This is an evaluation tool for rapid assessments.

Question 19

What percentage of heat loss can occur through a pediatric patient’s head?

Answer 19

50%

Question 20

When placing younger pediatric patients’ supine, what should be done to help maintain the correct head positioning?

Answer 20

Place small towel under their shoulders

Question 21

When observing the pediatric patients respiratory effort there are several signs of increased work of breathing and dyspnea that are unique to this population. List three of these signs

Answer 21

Head bobbing, Incomprehensible words, Nasal flaring

Question 22

Where should you begin your physical assessment when dealing with infants or toddlers?

Answer 22

At the feet (Start at the feet end at the head)

Question 23

A hypoxic pediatric patient may lead to what cardiac arrhythmia?

Answer 23

Bradycardia

Question 24

You are treating an alert and anxious 11-year-old patient who is experiencing labored breathing. The patient’s RR is 36 with poor tidal volume and expiratory wheezes. The parents state that the patient has taken 3 doses of an emergency inhaler with no relief. What is your treatment for this patient?

Answer 24

Status Asthmaticus
Administer oxygen, ventilate if needed, rapid transport to ED (1311)

Question 25

You are treating a 6-year-old patient who is not breathing and has a pulse rate of 48. What is the appropriate treatment for this patient?

Answer 25

CPR

Question 26

The most common cause of dehydration in pediatric patients is:

Answer 26

Vomiting
Diarrhea

Question 27

You are treating a 1-year-old patient who had a seizure and is fully clothed, has an elevated temperature, and profuse sweating has caused the undergarments to be wet. The patient is alert and has a recent history of the flu. What is the appropriate treatment for this patient?

Answer 27

Febrile seizure
Treatment: Assess ABC’s, begin cooling measures with tepid water (not cold), rapid transport (1328)

Question 28

What is the #1 cause of death for children in the U.S.?

Answer 28

Traumatic accidents or Unintentional injuries (1329)

Question 29

You suspect some type of physical or sexual abuse to a pediatric patient that you are treating. According to the text, what are three clues you can look for to assess the situation?

Answer 29

Bruises: On back buttocks, ears, and face
Burns: On the penis, testicles, vagina, buttocks or encircle hand and feet
Fractures: Fractures of the humerus or the femur usually break do to trauma (1338)

Question 30

You are assessing a 4-year-old patient, who the mom says, was gagging and appeared limp for a few seconds. Upon your arrival, the patient appears healthy and shows no signs of illness or distress. The best explanation for this finding is:

Answer 30

Apparent life threatening event (1342)

Question 31

You arrive on scene to find an 8-month-old with rigor mortis. The history taken from the parents suggests SIDS. What should your next actions be?

Answer 31

Since post-mortem signs are visible call Medical Control and report
To avoid potential problems with the family, initiate CPR and transport the patient and family to the ED (1340)

Question 32

Febrile seizures are common in children between the ages of:

Answer 32

6 months to 6 six years old (1328)