18 - Pediatric Emergencies Flashcards
Infancy is usually defined as what age range?
Prior Class Starts Here - Reverse Order - Ends at #15)
0-1 year of age
The pre-school age child is what age range?
3-6 years of age
The pediatric airway differs from the adult airway inn many anatomical ways, list three.
The tongue is proportionately bigger
The trachea is smaller in diameter
The lungs are smaller and the capacity is smaller
Glucose stores are limited in pediatric patients, where is glucose stored?
Liver
List two things an EMT should consider during the scene size-up of a pediatric patient that would differ from the scene size-up of an adult patient.
Pediatric specific equipment
age-appropriate physical assessment
What is the most effective way to evaluate respiration in infants and toddlers?
Placing both hands on their belly
When managing a pediatric patient’s airway, the EMT should always position the airway in what position?
Sniffing position
You are assessing a 10-month-old. List three findings that would indicate this patient’s ALOC?
Nonsensical babbling, irritability, blank gaze in their stare
What ar the three components of PAT?
Work of breathing
Appearance
Circulation of skin
When observing the pediatric patient’s respiratory effort there are several signs of increased work of breathing and dyspnea that are unique to this population. List three of these signs.
Nasal flaring
Tripod position
Head bobbing
Lack of oxygen leading to hypoxia in the pediatric patient can cause which cardiac dysrhythmia?
Bradycardia
You are treating a cyanotic 5-year-old patient who is breathing at a rate of 6/ minute and has a pulse rate of 44. What is the appropriate treatment for this patient?
CPR
You are treating a 6-year-old patient who is complaining of a fever, stiff neck, and has cherry-red spots on the legs and trunk. What is the MOST likely cause of the S/S? What should you do first?
Neisseria meningitides
Protect yourself from contraction
Contact medical control
Consider ALS
Rapid transport
You are treating a 5-year-old patient who is experiencing an asthma attack. The patient has inspiratory and expiratory wheezing present. The parents state that the patient has taken 3 doses of the emergency inhaler with no relief. What is the MOST effective treatment for this patient?
Status Asthmaticus
Administer oxygen, ventilate if needed, rapid transport to ED (1311)
You are assessing a 4-year-old, who mom says, was gagging and appeared limp for a few seconds. Upon your arrival, the patient appears healthy and shows no signs of illness or distress. The best explanation for this finding is:
ALTE
Apparent life-threatening event
Which development age groups require the EMT to ensure the patients modesty during examinations, when exposing parts of their body?
School-age
Adolescents
(1289)
Children ages 6 to 12 are under what child development group?
School age
What is the most effective way to evaluate respirations in infants and toddlers?
Place both your hands on their belly check for the rise and fall
What is PAT, what are the components and what is it useful for?
Pediatric Assessment Triangle: Appearance, Work of breath , and Circulation to skin.
This is an evaluation tool for rapid assessments.
What percentage of heat loss can occur through a pediatric patient’s head?
50%
When placing younger pediatric patients’ supine, what should be done to help maintain the correct head positioning?
Place small towel under their shoulders
When observing the pediatric patients respiratory effort there are several signs of increased work of breathing and dyspnea that are unique to this population. List three of these signs
Head bobbing, Incomprehensible words, Nasal flaring
Where should you begin your physical assessment when dealing with infants or toddlers?
At the feet (Start at the feet end at the head)
A hypoxic pediatric patient may lead to what cardiac arrhythmia?
Bradycardia
You are treating an alert and anxious 11-year-old patient who is experiencing labored breathing. The patient’s RR is 36 with poor tidal volume and expiratory wheezes. The parents state that the patient has taken 3 doses of an emergency inhaler with no relief. What is your treatment for this patient?
Status Asthmaticus
Administer oxygen, ventilate if needed, rapid transport to ED (1311)
You are treating a 6-year-old patient who is not breathing and has a pulse rate of 48. What is the appropriate treatment for this patient?
CPR
The most common cause of dehydration in pediatric patients is:
Vomiting
Diarrhea
You are treating a 1-year-old patient who had a seizure and is fully clothed, has an elevated temperature, and profuse sweating has caused the undergarments to be wet. The patient is alert and has a recent history of the flu. What is the appropriate treatment for this patient?
Febrile seizure
Treatment: Assess ABC’s, begin cooling measures with tepid water (not cold), rapid transport (1328)
What is the #1 cause of death for children in the U.S.?
Traumatic accidents or Unintentional injuries (1329)
You suspect some type of physical or sexual abuse to a pediatric patient that you are treating. According to the text, what are three clues you can look for to assess the situation?
Bruises: On back buttocks, ears, and face
Burns: On the penis, testicles, vagina, buttocks or encircle hand and feet
Fractures: Fractures of the humerus or the femur usually break do to trauma (1338)
You are assessing a 4-year-old patient, who the mom says, was gagging and appeared limp for a few seconds. Upon your arrival, the patient appears healthy and shows no signs of illness or distress. The best explanation for this finding is:
Apparent life threatening event (1342)
You arrive on scene to find an 8-month-old with rigor mortis. The history taken from the parents suggests SIDS. What should your next actions be?
Since post-mortem signs are visible call Medical Control and report
To avoid potential problems with the family, initiate CPR and transport the patient and family to the ED (1340)
Febrile seizures are common in children between the ages of:
6 months to 6 six years old (1328)
