18 - Pancreas Flashcards
What is the most common clinically significant congenital anomaly of the pancreas?
Pancreatic divisum
Reversible pancreatic parenchymal injury associated with inflammation; pathology is inappropriate release and activation of pancreatic enzymes, which destroy pancreatic tissue and elicit an acute inflammatory reaction; characterized by the following morphological changes: 1. microvascular leak and edema; 2. enzymatic fat necrosis; 3. acute inflammation; 4. destruction of pancreatic parenchyma; and 5. destruction of blood vessels and interstitial hemorrhage.
Acute pancreatitis
Most common causes of acute pancreatitis.
Alcoholism and biliary tract disease (80%)
Prolonged inflammation of the pancreas associated with irreversible destruction of exocrine parenchyma, fibrosis, and, in the late stages, the destruction of endocrine parenchyma.
Chronic pancreatitis
Most common cause of chronic pancreatitis.
Long-term alcohol abuse
More common form of cystic disease in the pancreas.
Pseudocysts
Most common site of pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
Head (presents as obstructive jaundice)
Most common mutated oncogene in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
KRAS
Most common mutated tumor suppressor gene in pancreatic adenocarcinoma .
p16
Strongest environmental risk factor for developing pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
Smoking
Two distinct features of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
Highly invasive and intense desmoplasia
Tumor marker for pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
CA19-9
The usual sites of metastases of pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
Liver and lungs
Paraneoplastic syndrome associated with pancreatic adenocarcinoma, characterized by migratory superficial thrombophlebitis, secondary to expression of pro-coagulant factors from the tumor or its necrotic products.
Trosseau syndrome
