18 - Pancreas Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most common clinically significant congenital anomaly of the pancreas?

A

Pancreatic divisum

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2
Q

Reversible pancreatic parenchymal injury associated with inflammation; pathology is inappropriate release and activation of pancreatic enzymes, which destroy pancreatic tissue and elicit an acute inflammatory reaction; characterized by the following morphological changes: 1. microvascular leak and edema; 2. enzymatic fat necrosis; 3. acute inflammation; 4. destruction of pancreatic parenchyma; and 5. destruction of blood vessels and interstitial hemorrhage.

A

Acute pancreatitis

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3
Q

Most common causes of acute pancreatitis.

A

Alcoholism and biliary tract disease (80%)

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4
Q

Prolonged inflammation of the pancreas associated with irreversible destruction of exocrine parenchyma, fibrosis, and, in the late stages, the destruction of endocrine parenchyma.

A

Chronic pancreatitis

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5
Q

Most common cause of chronic pancreatitis.

A

Long-term alcohol abuse

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6
Q

More common form of cystic disease in the pancreas.

A

Pseudocysts

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7
Q

Most common site of pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

A

Head (presents as obstructive jaundice)

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8
Q

Most common mutated oncogene in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

A

KRAS

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9
Q

Most common mutated tumor suppressor gene in pancreatic adenocarcinoma .

A

p16

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10
Q

Strongest environmental risk factor for developing pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

A

Smoking

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11
Q

Two distinct features of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

A

Highly invasive and intense desmoplasia

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12
Q

Tumor marker for pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

A

CA19-9

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13
Q

The usual sites of metastases of pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

A

Liver and lungs

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14
Q

Paraneoplastic syndrome associated with pancreatic adenocarcinoma, characterized by migratory superficial thrombophlebitis, secondary to expression of pro-coagulant factors from the tumor or its necrotic products.

A

Trosseau syndrome

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