18 - Morphology of periodontium Flashcards

1
Q

Periodontium

A

A complex of structures that support the tooth

Consists of:

  • Gingiva
  • PDL
  • Alveolar bone
  • Cementum

These tissues form a specialised fibrous joint around the tooth ⇢ ectomesenchymal origin

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2
Q

Morphology of PDL

A

Principal fibres - Collagen type i

  • Alveolar crest
  • Trans-septal fibres
  • Horizontal fibres
  • Oblique fibres
  • Apical fibres
  • Interradicular fibres
  • Circular fibres

Elastic fibres

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3
Q

Principal fibres

A

Fibre bundles that exit cementum + alveolar bone from PDL

Can be classified according to location:

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4
Q

Alveolar crest (Cervical region)

A
  • Prevent tooth’s extrusion + resistant to lateral movements
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5
Q

Trans-septal fibres

A
  • Extend interproximally over alveolar bone + embedded into cementum of adjacent teeth
  • Form the interdental ligament
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6
Q

Horizontal fibres

A
  • Attach to cementum + connect root to alveolar bone
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7
Q

Oblique fibres

A

Most numerous in PDL

  • Run from cementum in oblique direction to insert into bone
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8
Q

Apical fibres

A
  • Radiate from cementum around root’s apex into bone - forms base
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9
Q

Interradicular fibres

A
  • Only in multi-rooted tooth - between the roots
  • Running from cementum to alveolar bone
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10
Q

Circular fibres

A
  • Run around neck of tooth + encircle it
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11
Q

Elastic fibres

A
  • Additional fine fibres that appear in PDL = oxytalan fibres
  • They support principal fibre system + found around vessels walls
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12
Q

Interstitial spaces

A
  • Exists between fibre bundles
  • Contain blood vessels, lymph channels + nerves
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13
Q

Connective tissue of periodontium

A
  • Contains nerves, lymph vessels + arteries
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