1.7a Ecological Relationships and energy flow Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

Ecology

A

The study of relationshis between organisms and their environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Population

A

Number of organisms of a SINGLE species in a given area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Community

A

All the populations of plants and animal species in a particular area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Biodiveristy

A

The range of different species living in an area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Environment

A

The surrounding in which an organism lives

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Ecosystem

A

The community (all the organisms and how they interact) and abiotic factors that affect them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Food Chain

A

Shows the feeding relationship and energy transfers between organisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Trophic Level

A

The feeding level in a food chain - Level 1 always is a plant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Sun

A

Source of energy for all food chains

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Biotic Factors

A

Living factors that affect where an organisms lives eg grazers, disease, predators

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Abiotic Factors

A

Non living factors eg light , soil pH, temperature that affect where an organism lives

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Quadrat

A

Square piece of equipment used in sampling (0.5m x 0.5m)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How to find the population of species by sampling an area

A

Set 2 tape measures at right angles
Select co-ordinates at random (to remove biased results)
Place quadrat
Count number of organisms or % cover
Record results
Repeat at least 10 times
Calculate average per quadrat
Calculate number per area sampled

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How to find the effect of an abiotic factor by sampling in a changing environment

A

Place tape measure along the section being sampled e.g. from woodland to middle of field
At regular intervals along tape measure set quadrat down
Count/record % species present
Record results
Record abiotic factor at each stage e.g. temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Equipment to measure temperature

A

Thermometer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Equipment to measure soil pH

A

pH meter or soil pH testing kit

17
Q

Equipment to measure light intensity

A

Light meter

18
Q

Equipment to measure wind speed

A

Anemometer

19
Q

Equipment to measure soil moisture content

A

moisture meter OR collect soil, weigh, dry until constant mass, record difference in mass - % moisture = difference in mass/original mass x 100%

20
Q

Competition in plants

A

Compete for water, space, light, minerals in soil

21
Q

Competition in animals

A

Compete for food, water, territory, mates

22
Q

Food web

A

Interlinking food webs

23
Q

Pyramid of numbers

A

Show number of organisms at each trophic level
Advantage - easy to count and no organisms killed
Disadvantage - does not take into account size of organisms

24
Q

Pyramid of biomass

A

Show mass of living tissue (biomass) at each trophic level
Advantage - more accurate than pyramid of numbers as takes into account size
Disadvantage - difficult to collect data as will involve killing organisms

25
Q

Energy losses in food chain

A

Lost as heat energy through respiration
Lost in excretion (urine)
Lost through egestion of faeces
Parts of plant or animal not eaten

26
Q

Arrows in food chain represent

A

transfer of energy

27
Q

Shorter food chains are more efficient - why

A

Fewer stages for energy to be lost

28
Q

To calculate energy efficiency

A

Energy used/energy available x 100%