17.2 Chloroplasts Flashcards
How is granum adapted for its function
it has lots of membrane so a large surface area
and the thylakoid membranes is made up of have lots of chlorophyll on its surface
what are thylakoid membrane
membranes that contain chlorophyll a & b and carotene (pigments) the pigments are attached to proteins called photo systems
what shape is chloroplast DNA and where’s it found
found in the stroma it’s often circular
what’s grana (granum)
it’s a stack of thylakoid sacs
what’s the stroma like and what does it contain
it’s a gel like substance surrounding the grams enclosed by the inner membrane it contains enzymes and sugars
what are starch grains
a store of carbohydrates
what’s the lamellae
it’s a sheet like structure joining the grand
what are the two parts of the membrane called
inner membrane and outer membrane
what else is present in chloroplasts but not visible
starch, lipids, DNA and ribosomes
what atom is in the centre of a chlorophyll molecule
Mg+
what charge is the head of chlorophyll and what’s it like
its hydrophilic and it’s flat and light absorbing
what does chlorophylls tail act
it acts as an anchor and projects it’s self into membrane
what do the different side chains on chlorophyll do
they modify their absorption spectra
what chlorophyll is the most absorbent and what range does it modify in
Chlorophyll A in the 670-700nm range
what are autotrophic organisms
organisms that can photosynthesise eg. plants and algae
