13.7 Structure and function of the brain Flashcards
what does the cerebrum do
it controls voluntary actions- memory, cognition, speech learning, personality and conscious thought
what does the hypothalamus do
it’s a regulatory centre for water balance and temperature
what does the cerebellum do
it controls involuntary functions eg. posture, involuntary movement/coordination and balance
what does the medulla oblongata do
it’s used in autonomic control eg. controls heart rate, breathing rate, swallowing
what’s the pituitary gland known as and what does it do
it’s known as the master gland and it store and releases hormones to regulate many body functions
how does the cerebrum have a large surface area and what does this do
it’s highly convoluted and it’s surface area increases its capacity for complex activity
what are the two parts of the cerebrum called and what do they do
the left and right hemispheres, each hemisphere controls one half of the body (eg. right hemisphere controls left side)
what four parts is each hemisphere made up of
- frontal lobe
- parietal lobe
- occipital lobe
- temporal lobe
what does each lobe in the hemispheres do and what do they have a function in smell sight
it receives information from receptor cells in each sense organ so has a function in smell sight speech and hearing
how do the lobes send electrical impulses from the information they receive
they receive information from receptor cells in sense organs the information is then passed on to other parts of the brain called ‘association areas’ which coordinate a response and send electrical impulses to effectors via motor neurones
what can damage to the cerebrum cause
paralysis from the neck down
what are the two parts of the pituitary gland called
anterior pituitary
posterior pituitary
what does the anterior pituitary do
it produces 6 hormones eg FSH
what does the posterior pituitary do
it stores and releases hormones eg ADH
why is the pituitary gland known as the master gland
it controls many other glands in the body
