17.1 Infectious Diseases In Children 2 Flashcards
Discuss streptococci
Gram positive cocci
Treated with penicillin
No resistance
Discuss staphylococci
Gram positive
Treated with flucloxacillin
Resistance issues I.e. MRSA
What is scarlet fever? (Scarlatina)
How do you treat?
Strep A infection- strep pyogenes
Peaks at around February
Presents with malaise, fever, pharyngitis and white spots In viral infection but in strep A Scarlett fever it keeps going
Typically occurs in children between 3 and 9 years old
Treatment in penicillin 10 days
What happens in progressive Scarlett fever?
Presents with malaise, fever, pharyngitis and white spots
Rash, protected around the peri-orbital are
Strawberry tongue, cracked lip, stinky breath
Shedding of the hands and feet
What are the complications of a group A strep infection?
Impiteigo (golden crusty rash) Erysipelas- cellulitis of the face Necrotising fasciitis Coca Cola coloured urine Rheumatic fever
What do staph aureus infections cause?
Staph scaulded skin syndrome Toxic shock syndrome Impetigo Cellulite A infected eczema Ulceration Staph scalded skin syndrome
What is impetigo?
Highly contagious,
Golden scores and blister, no systemic symptoms
What is staphylococcus scalded shock syndrome
Mostly kids under 5
Fever, widespread redness, fluid filled blisters
Ruptures easily especially in skin folds
Occurs usually after a burn
What is toxic shock syndrome?
Systemically unwell
Widespread redness, desquamination, multi organ involvement, can be rapidly fatal
What is Kawasaki’s disease?
Self limited vasculitis and medium sized arteries.
Regularly reported in Japanese and Hawaiian ethical groups. Increased risk in siblings and twins
Made through clinical diagnosis through the symptoms
What are the symptoms of Kawasaki’s disease (6 symptoms)
5 day unremitting fever Swollen fingers/ toes Cracked lips Blood shot eyes Rash Swollen glands
How do you treat Kawasaki’s disease?
Aim to prevent complications (coronary aneurysms)
Immunoglobulins and aspirin (reduce inflammation)
Other immunosuppressive agents
Cardiology assessment
What is henoch schonlein purpura?
Patches of rashes on the leg. Typically on extensor areas Doesn’t have a fever Palpable purpura Sometime joint and swellings Type of vasculitis
What is an erythematous maculopapulous rash?
Red patchy rash
Red and flat
What infections cause an erythematous maculopapulous rashes?
Measles Rubella Enterovirus Cytomegalovirus Human herpes virus 6 Human herpes virus 7 Parvovirus B19 Epstein Barr virus
