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2: ECOSIII Exam 2 > 17: Vascular Assessment > Flashcards

17: Vascular Assessment Flashcards

1
Q

arteries that can be affected by PAD

A

abdominal aorta, iliac, femoral, popliteal, tibial, peroneal

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2
Q

appearance of PAD ulcers vs venous stasis ulcers

A

PAD: well demarcated, dry, “punched out” looking

Venous stasis: irregular border, pink base covered with yellow fibrinous tissue, wet, exudative, can be large

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3
Q

most common artery for a CVA due to carotid stenosis

A

MCA

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4
Q

MCA stroke sx

A

contralateral hemiplegia, contralateral hemisensory loss, aphasia, neglect (non-dominant hemisphere)

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5
Q

ophthalmic artery stroke sx

A

ipsilateral amarosis fugax (recurrent transient monocular blindness; looks like a curtain over field of vision)

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6
Q

how to check pulses for ABI

A

pt should be supine, check systolic pressure using doppler probe and ultrasound gel**

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7
Q

how to calculate ABI

A

highest pressure in right foot / highest pressure in both arms

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8
Q

what can cause ABI > 1.4, or incompressible vessels?

A

pts with DM or ESRD due to vesel calcification - is inconclusive for PAD

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9
Q

DVT on US

A

vessels are not compressible

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10
Q

USPSTF recommendation for asymptomatic carotid stenosis US***

A

grade D: no benefit

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11
Q

two pts that should get a carotid ultrasound

A
  1. pt with carotid bruit

2. pt with CVA/TIA in vascular distribution that could be due to carotid stenosis

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12
Q

three medications for smoking cessation + mechanism

A
  1. varenicline: nicotine R partial ag
  2. buproprion: NE/dopamine reuptake inhibitor
  3. nicotine replacement (gum, patch): nicotine
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13
Q

what type of disease is PAD

A

ASCVD

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14
Q

mechanism of cilostazol

A

phosphodiesterase inhibitor; has anti-platelet properties

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15
Q

best wound dressings for venous stasis ulcer

A

low adherent absorbent dressing - takes up exudate while maintaining moiste environment

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16
Q

purpose of surgery for venous insufficiency

A

venous occlusion/fibrosis/obstruction

17
Q

two reasons why surgery is better than medical therapy alone for carotid stenosis

A
  1. symptomatic stenosis >70%

2. patient life expectancy >5 years

18
Q

what causes pseudoclaudication - pain worse with sstanding/walking and improved with sitting/flexing at waist

A

DDD / lumbar spinal stenosis

19
Q

three indications for revascularization surgery in PAD

A
  1. disabling/progressive sx of claudication despite medical therapy
  2. critical limb ischemia
  3. acute limb ischemia
20
Q

what causes pigment changes in venous stasis dermatitis

A

venous HTN -> RBCs extravasate -> Hb breaks down to hemosiderin -> brown pigment staining skin

2: ECOSIII Exam 2 (9 decks)

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