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Pathology Final - A Topics > 17. Developmental anomalies of the heart > Flashcards

17. Developmental anomalies of the heart Flashcards

1
Q

heart tubes anomalies

A
  • anagesis
  • hypoplasia
  • ectopia cordis
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2
Q

anagesis

A

no heart tubes (no heart at all)

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3
Q

hypoplasia

A

heart is too small

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4
Q

ectopia cordis

A

heart develops outside of thoracic cavity

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5
Q

what heart anomalies could happen in twin pregnancy

A

Anagesis & ectopia cordis

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6
Q

septae anomalies

A

ventricular septal defect
atrial septal defect

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7
Q

atrial septal defect 2 forms

A
  • true ASD
  • patent/ persistent foramen ovale
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8
Q

valvular anomalies

A
  • pulmonic stenosis
  • subaortic stenosis
  • atrioventricular valve dysplasia
  • valvular cyst
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9
Q

pulmonic stenosis

A

small central orifice in pulmonic valve

valvular stenosis

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10
Q

subaortic stenosis

A

formation of fib rous ring below

sub valvular stenosis

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11
Q

atrioventricular valve dysplasia

A

dysplastic malformation

tricuspid & mitral

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12
Q

valvular cysts

A

on AV valve

hemocyst (blood) & lymphocyst (serum)

most common in bovine

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13
Q

tetralogy of fallot

A
  • VSD
  • pulmonic stenosis
  • dextraposition of aorta
  • right ventricular hypertrophy (secondary defects)
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14
Q

dextraposition of aorta

A

aorta shifted to the right , over ventricular septal defect causing it to receive blood left & right ventricle

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15
Q

endocardium anomalies

A

endocardial fibroelastosis

in burmese cats

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16
Q

endocardial fibroelastosis

A

increased amount of collagen & elastic fibres

is thickened, opaque & grayish-white

17
Q

blood vessels anomalies

A
  • persistant truncus arteriosus
  • transposition of aorta & pulmonary artery
  • patent duct arteriosis
  • persistant right aortic arch
18
Q

persistant right aortic arch

A

aorta formed on right instead of left

lig arteriosum forms a ring that can constrict oesophagus & trachea

19
Q

persistant truncus arteriosus

A

should have split into pulmonary trunk & aorta but here a single trunk

20
Q

Transposition of aorta & pulmonary artery

A

Exchange of places

21
Q

Patent ductus arteriosus

A

Connection btw pulmonary artery & aorta
Left to right shunt: flow from aorta to pulmonary trunk (volume overload on lungs, left atrium, left ventricle)

22
Q
A
23
Q

Patent ductus arteriosus consequence

A

Left sided dilation
Left sided heart failure
Pulmonary oedema

24
Q
A

Pathology Final - A Topics (10 decks)

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