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Basic sciences > 16.12.13 > Flashcards

16.12.13 Flashcards

1
Q

Major effects of fibrates

A

reduce TGs and increase HDL

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2
Q

Mech of action of fibrates

A

activate LPL by activating PPAR alpha

reduce apoCIII synthesis

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3
Q

Available fibrates

A

clofibrate(not available)
gemfibrosil
fenofibrate
bezafibrate

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4
Q

Fibrate with longest half life

A

fenofibrate

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5
Q

Fibrate with maximum LDL lowering action

A

fenofibrate

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6
Q

Additional advantage of fenofibrate

A

uricosuric

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7
Q

effect of fibrates on plasma fibrinogen levels

A

reduces

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8
Q

fibrates are drugs of choice for

A

Hypertriglyceridemia(esp after use of protease inhibitors)

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9
Q

Fibrate without increased risk of myopathy

A

bezafibrate

fenofibrate+rosuvastatin combination

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10
Q

adverse effects of fibrates

A 
GI distress
elevated transaminases
hypokalemia
cholesterol gall stones
Leukopenia
decreased Hct
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11
Q

absorption of gemfibrosil is increased with

A

food

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12
Q

Interaction of fibrates

A

potentiate coumadin anticoagulants and OHA

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13
Q

At what level of TGs should fibrates be started

A

> 500mg/dl

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14
Q

Spectrum of activity of daptomycin

A

similar to vancomycin

also active against Vanco resistant enterococci and S.aureus

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15
Q

adverse effect of daptomycin

A

myopathy

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16
Q

datomycin is not useful for treatment of

A

pneumonia

surfactant inactivates it

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17
Q

daptomycin is eliminated

A

renally

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18
Q

mech action of daptomycin

A

Ca+ mediated pore formation in cellwall resulting in K+ efflux

19
Q

Drug of choice for hypertensive emergencies

A

SNP

20
Q

Mech of action of SNP

A

release NO

stimulate guanylyl cyclase

21
Q

DOC for hypertensive emergencies in pregnancy

A

hydralazine

22
Q

Adverse effects of SNP

A

cyanide toxicity in renal failure

hypothyroidism due to accumulation of thiocyanates

23
Q

Dose range of SNP

A

0.5 ug/kg/min-10ug/kg/min

24
Q

SNP is sensitive to

A

light

25
Q

Treatment of cyanide poisoning due to SNP

A

sodium thiosulphate

hydroxy cobalamin

26
Q

Manifestations of thiocyanate toxicity

A 
weakness
disorientation
psychosis
muscle spasms
convulsions
27
Q

Bosentan

A

non selective endothelin receptor blocker

28
Q

selective ET-A receptor blocker

A

sitaxsentan

ambrisentan

29
Q

Endothelin converting enzyme inhibitor

A

phosphoramidan

30
Q

Adverse effects of endothelin antagonists

A

hepatotoxicity
pregnancy
peripheral edema

31
Q

Bosentan drug interactions

A

CI in pts taking glyburide,glipizide and cyclosporine

32
Q

Adverse effects of sitagliptin

A

nasopharyngitis
URI
headaches
pancreatitis

33
Q

DPPIV inhibitors have a preferential effect on

A

postprandial glucose levels

34
Q

Amount of HbA1C reduction produced by DPPIV inhibitors

A

0.5-0.8

35
Q

dose of DPP IV inhibitors must be reduced with

A

renal failure

36
Q

Adverse effects of saxagliptin

A

facial edema

urticaria

37
Q

Carbepenems

A

imipenem
doripenem
meropenem
ertapenem

38
Q

Most effective carbepenem for pseudomonas infection

A

meropenem combined with aminoglycosides

39
Q

Carbepenems are drugs of choice for

A

enterobacter
klebsiella
acinetobacter
ESBL

40
Q

Cilastatin is an inhibitor of

A

renal dehydropeptidase I

41
Q

Adverse effect of imipenem cilastatin

A

seizures

GI effects

42
Q

carbepenems are sensitive to which beta lactamase

A

metallo-beta lactamase

43
Q

organisms resistant to carbapenems

A 
E.fecium
MRSA
Cl.Difficle
Burkholdria cepecia
stenotrophomonas maltophilla
44
Q

Carbapenem with longest half life

A

ertapenem

Basic sciences (5 decks)

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