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Personal Class > 160522 > Flashcards

160522 Flashcards

1
Q

Sub-cellular structures in animal cells

A

cytoplasm, nucleus, ribsosomes, mitochondria, cell membrane

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2
Q

Sub-cellular structures in plant cells

A

cytoplasm, nucleus, ribsosomes, mitochondria, cell membrane, permentant vacuole, cell wall, chloroplast

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3
Q

Cytoplasm

A

Where most of the chemical reactions happen

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4
Q

Nucleus

A

Contains genetic material which controls the cell’s activities

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5
Q

Cell Membrane

A

Controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell

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6
Q

Mitochondria

A

Where most energy is released in respiration

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7
Q

Ribosomes

A

Where protein synthesis happens

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8
Q

Chloroplasts

A

Absorb light energy for photosynthesis (plant cells only)

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9
Q

Cell Wall

A

Strengthens the cell and supports the plant (plant cells only)

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10
Q

Permentant Vacuole

A

Filled with cell sap to help keep the cell turgid (plant cells only)

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11
Q

Three types of cell transport

A

Diffusion, Osmosis & Active Transport

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12
Q

Diffusion

A

Substances move from a high to a low concentration down a concentration gradient

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13
Q

Osmosis

A

Water moves from a high to a low concentration across a partially permeable membrane and down a concentration gradient

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14
Q

Active Transport

A

Substances move against a concentration gradient (requires energy from respiration)

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15
Q

Specialised

A

Cells which have structures that are adapted for their function

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16
Q

Soluble

A

Able to be dissolved (especially in water)

17
Q

Solute

A

The dissolved substance in a solution

18
Q

Solvent

A

The liquid in which the solute is dissolved in to form a solution

19
Q

Concentration gradient

A

The difference in the concentration of a chemical across a membrane

20
Q

What can increase the rate of diffusion

A

Steeper concentration gradient, higher temperatures, higher surface area

21
Q

What happens when cells intake water through osmosis

A

They get turgid (ie swolen)

22
Q

Photosynthesis

A

A chemical process where plants make glucose and oxygen from CO2 and water using light

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