16 Lp Basic Nav Flashcards
What are the imaginary reference lines on the earth
Parallels of latitude, meridians of longitude
How do the parallels of latitude and the meridians of longitude run?
Parallels of latitude run east and west meridians of longitude run north and south
A circle formed on the surface of a sphere by the intersection of a plane that passes through the center of the sphere
A great circle
What is the great circle
The equator
Parallels of latitude are a series of smaller east to west circles referred to as what
Small circles
What is the degree of latitude on the equator
0°
What is the degree of latitude for the north and south pole
90° North latitude, 90° South latitude
The reference line used to measure longitude, in Greenwich
The prime meridian 0°
This Describes the positions of a navigational point on the earths surface consisting of parallels of latitude and meridians of longitude
Coordinates
What do coordinates consist of
Parallels of latitude and meridians of longitude
Parallels and meridians are divided into what
Degrees, minutes, and seconds
Example: 129°, 40 minutes, 16 seconds
129°40’16”
The reference line for measuring north to south distance is the
Equator
1° equals how many minutes
60 minutes
To determine any location on any US chart, latitude readings increase from ________ and longitude readings increase from ______
Bottom to top, right to left
Longitude _______ be used as a scale to measure distance except at the equator
Cannot
When coordinates are used to define position, is latitude or longitude stated first?
Latitude before longitude
What is a great circle route
The shortest distance between two points on a sphere
A line which makes the same angle with each Meridian and longitude, and is greater than a great circle route
Rhumb line
One nautical mile is equal to how many feet, how many statute miles, and how many minutes of latitude
6076 feet, or 6080 feet,
1.15 statute miles,
one minute of latitude
One statute miles equal to how many feet and how many nautical miles
5280 feet,
.87 nautical miles
Which mile is always greater? Statute or nautical
Statute miles will always be greater than nautical miles
What is the formula to convert nautical miles to statute and vice versa
Nautical miles X 1.15 = statute,
statute miles X .87 = nautical
The unit of measurement which equals 1 mile is ______ statute miles
1.15
A time zone is established for every_____.
15° of longitude
What is the conversion factor for Eastern standard time from the Zulu
+5 hours
Shown on the aircraft airspeed indicator, used in pilot controller communications
Airspeed indicator, IAS
Relative to undisturbed air mass, used in flight planning and en route portion of flight
True airspeed, TAS
The speed of an aircraft relative to the surface of the earth is true airspeed corrected for the effects of wind
Ground speed, GS
Ratio of true airspeed to the speed of sound, expressed in decimal form
Mach number, MACH
Indicated airspeed ________ with increases in altitude and temperature
Decreases
At ________an aircraft indicated airspeed is significantly lower than it’s true airspeed
High-altitude’s
True or false, increase in temperature has the same effect on speed as an increase in altitude
True
What is the formula for time speed and distance
Time equals distance divided by speed
Speed equals distance divided by time
Distance equals speed times time
Wind is stated to include what
Direction and velocity in knots
Does wind affect true airspeed
No
Does wind affect ground speed
Yes
Represents the indicated path of the aircraft over the earth surface
True course
The actual path the aircraft has flown over the earth surface
Track
What any free object will do as the air moves down wind with the speed of the wind
Drift angle
What is the formula for true heading
TH=TC+-WCA
True heading equals true course plus or minus wind correction angle
It is the controller’s responsibility to compensate for wind speed and direction when
Formulating estimates, issuing radar vectors
The magnetic north pole is located at ______ miles from the true north pole and is ______
1300, always moving
Connect points of zero variation
Agonic line
There is only one.
Connect points of equal difference between true and magnetic north
Isogonic line
For east variation and West variation do you subtract or add the degrees of variation?
East is least and West is best,
East you subtract west you add
What is the formula for magnetic heading
MH=TH+-VAR
Magnetic heading is true heading plus or minus variation
Which north is wind and weather reports referencing
True North
What is the Compass heading formula
CH=MH+-DEV
Compass heading equals magnetic heading plus or minus a deviation
The air of a magnetic compass due to the magnetic influence in the structure and equipment of the aircraft
Deviation
The angular difference between true North and magnetic north at any given place is called
Variation
A line of equal magnetic variation is often called a_____ line
Isogonic
A magnetic compass air that is caused by materials with an aircraft which possess magnetic properties
Deviation
True heading is true Course corrected for the effects of____.
Wind
Compass heading is the magnetic heading corrected for the
Deviation
Magnetic heading is true heading corrected for
The variation
Navigation of an airplane solely by means of computations based on airspeed, Course, heading, wind direction and speed, groundspeed, and elapsed time
Dead reckoning
Apply one correction to true Course to determine
True heading and groundspeed
Aviation charts are used to plot and determine:
True course, distance, variation
The determination of position by identification correction of landmarks from their representation chart
Pilotage
Can you use pilotage in IFR weather
No, useful only in VFR weather
Navigation by reference to visible landmarks is called
Pilotage
What method of navigation requires find a predetermined course taking into account the facts of wind?
Dead reckoning
