1.6 Homeostatic Regulation of Breathing in Humans Flashcards
the respiratory center in a cluster of neurons, true or false?
true
where is the respiratory center located?
medulla oblangata
what is the function of the respiratory center?
for basic rhythms of breathing
how do breathing rhythms adjust?
based on chemical and physical changes during activities
how does the respiratory center trigger inspiration/ expiration?
by sending impulses to the diaphragm and intercostal muscles of the lungs
the quicker an impulse is sent, the ______ the breathing
faster
it is composed of neurons and is responsible for switching between inspiration or expiration
pontine respiratory group
the pontine respiratory group have connections to what?
to medullary respiratory centers
it stimulates the contraction of the diaphragm and causes inspiration
the dorsal (back) respiratory group
it stimulates intercostal and abdominal muscles
ventral (front) respiratory group
what complex is located in the ventral respiratory group?
pre-Botzinger complex
what is the function of the pre-Botzinger complex
it is responsible for stimulating basic rhythms of breathing
what does the phrenic nerve do?
- sends impulses to diaphragm
- will stimulate contraction
what does the intercostal nerve from the respiratory center do?
triggers intercostal muscles and causes inspiration
why do we have voluntary control over the respiratory center?
because the respiratory center is connected to the cerebral cortex
what monitors the pH in blood?
chemoreceptors in aorta and carotid arteries
what happens when low pH is detected?
the respiratory system rate and depth of breathing by sending faster impulses to respiratory center
where are stretch receptors located?
in bronchi and bronchioles
what do stretch receptors do?
monitor amount of lung inflation
what happens if the stretch receptors detect that O2 supply is normal?
- it inhibits respiration
- will send impulses through vagus nerve to respiratory center
what do chemoreceptors in our muscles and joints do?
will stimulate and send impulse to respiratory center to breathe faster especially during exercise
what happens when we exercise?
metabolic activity increases
- will raise CO2 concentration in blood and lower pH
why do we need faster breathing?
to take in more O2 into our body
