1.6 Homeostatic Regulation of Breathing in Humans

Question 1

the respiratory center in a cluster of neurons, true or false?

Answer 1

true

Question 2

where is the respiratory center located?

Answer 2

medulla oblangata

Question 3

what is the function of the respiratory center?

Answer 3

for basic rhythms of breathing

Question 4

how do breathing rhythms adjust?

Answer 4

based on chemical and physical changes during activities

Question 5

how does the respiratory center trigger inspiration/ expiration?

Answer 5

by sending impulses to the diaphragm and intercostal muscles of the lungs

Question 6

the quicker an impulse is sent, the ______ the breathing

Answer 6

faster

Question 7

it is composed of neurons and is responsible for switching between inspiration or expiration

Answer 7

pontine respiratory group

Question 8

the pontine respiratory group have connections to what?

Answer 8

to medullary respiratory centers

Question 9

it stimulates the contraction of the diaphragm and causes inspiration

Answer 9

the dorsal (back) respiratory group

Question 10

it stimulates intercostal and abdominal muscles

Answer 10

ventral (front) respiratory group

Question 11

what complex is located in the ventral respiratory group?

Answer 11

pre-Botzinger complex

Question 12

what is the function of the pre-Botzinger complex

Answer 12

it is responsible for stimulating basic rhythms of breathing

Question 13

what does the phrenic nerve do?

Answer 13

• sends impulses to diaphragm

- will stimulate contraction

Question 14

what does the intercostal nerve from the respiratory center do?

Answer 14

triggers intercostal muscles and causes inspiration

Question 15

why do we have voluntary control over the respiratory center?

Answer 15

because the respiratory center is connected to the cerebral cortex

Question 16

what monitors the pH in blood?

Answer 16

chemoreceptors in aorta and carotid arteries

Question 17

what happens when low pH is detected?

Answer 17

the respiratory system rate and depth of breathing by sending faster impulses to respiratory center

Question 18

where are stretch receptors located?

Answer 18

in bronchi and bronchioles

Question 19

what do stretch receptors do?

Answer 19

monitor amount of lung inflation

Question 20

what happens if the stretch receptors detect that O2 supply is normal?

Answer 20

• it inhibits respiration

- will send impulses through vagus nerve to respiratory center

Question 21

what do chemoreceptors in our muscles and joints do?

Answer 21

will stimulate and send impulse to respiratory center to breathe faster especially during exercise

Question 22

what happens when we exercise?

Answer 22

metabolic activity increases

- will raise CO2 concentration in blood and lower pH

Question 23

why do we need faster breathing?

Answer 23

to take in more O2 into our body